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 LOGIQUE MATHEMATIQUE. Tome 2, Fonctions récursives, théorème de Gödel, théorie des ensembles, théorie des modèlesSéminaire sur les algèbres complètesNancy> Séminaire sur les Algèbres Complètes <1969 - 1970Local Analytic GeometryShreeram Shankar AbhyankarThis book provides, for use in a graduate course or for self-study by graduate students, a well-motivated treatment of several topics, especially the following: algebraic treatment of several complex variables; geometric approach to algebraic geometry via analytic sets; survey of local algebra; and survey of sheaf theory. The book has been written in the spirit of Weierstrass. Power series play the dominant role. The treatment, being algebraic, is not restricted to complex numbers, but remains valid over any complete-valued field. This makes it applicable to situations arising from number theory. When it is specialized to the complex case, connectivity and other topological properties come to the fore. In particular, via singularities of analytic sets, topological fundamental groups can be studied. In the transition from punctual to local, ie. from properties at a point to properties near a point, the classical work of Osgood plays an important role. This gives rise to normic forms and the concept of the Osgoodian. Following Serre, the passage from local to global properties of analytic spaces is facilitated by introducing sheaf theory. Here the fundamental results are the coherence theorems of Oka and Cartan. They are followed by theory normalization due to Oka and Zariski in the analytic and algebraic cases, respectively.Turing and the Universal Machine: The Making of the Modern ComputerJon AgarThe history of the computer is entwined with that of the modern world and most famously with the life of one man, Alan Turing. How did this device, which first appeared a mere 50 years ago, come to structure and dominate our lives so totally? An enlightening mini-biography of a brilliant but troubled man.Cr-Geometry and over Determined SystemsTakao AkahoriThis volume consists of survey articles and research papers on the most recent developments of CR-geometry and overdetermined systems. Some of the papers are based on the lectures delivered at a conference of the same title. The volume contains notes from three lectures on the invariant theory of the Bergman kernel, and on the deformation of CR structures with applications. Other papers, original or expository, are recent contributions on important problems in complex geometry of differential geometric aspects of analysis, and many of them are related to CR-geometry. This volume offers timely and useful information on the subject area.Elements of the Theory of Elliptic FunctionsN. I. AkhiezerThis book contains a systematic presentation of the theory of elliptic functions and some of its applications. A translation from the Russian, this book is intended primarily for engineers who work with elliptic functions. It should be accessible to those with background in the elements of mathematical analysis and the theory of functions contained in approximately the first two years of mathematics and physics courses at the college level.Number TheoryGeorge E. AndrewsAlthough mathematics majors are usually conversant with number theory by the time they have completed a course in abstract algebra, other undergraduates, especially those in education and the liberal arts, often need a more basic introduction to the topic.In this book the author solves the problem of maintaining the interest of students at both levels by offering a combinatorial approach to elementary number theory. In studying number theory from such a perspective, mathematics majors are spared repetition and provided with new insights, while other students benefit from the consequent simplicity of the proofs for many theorems.Among the topics covered in this accessible, carefully designed introduction are multiplicativity-divisibility, including the fundamental theorem of arithmetic, combinatorial and computational number theory, congruences, arithmetic functions, primitive roots and prime numbers. Later chapters offer lucid treatments of quadratic congruences, additivity (including partition theory) and geometric number theory.Of particular importance in this text is the author's emphasis on the value of numerical examples in number theory and the role of computers in obtaining such examples. Exercises provide opportunities for constructing numerical tables with or without a computer. Students can then derive conjectures from such numerical tables, after which relevant theorems will seem natural and well-motivated..Mathematics: A Concise History and PhilosophyW.S. AnglinThis is a concise introductory textbook for a one semester course in the history and philosophy of mathematics. It is written for mathematics majors, philosophy students, history of science students and secondary school mathematics teachers. The only prerequisite is a solid command of pre-calculus mathematics. It is shorter than the standard textbooks in that area and thus more accessible to students who have trouble coping with vast amounts of reading. Furthermore, there are many detailed explanations of the important mathematical procedures actually used by famous mathematicians, giving more mathematically talented students a greater opportunity to learn the history and philosophy by way of problem solving. Several important philosophical topics are pursued throughout the text, giving the student an opportunity to come to a full and consistent knowledge of their development. These topics include infinity, the nature of motion, and Platonism. This book offers, in fewer pages, a deep penetration into the key mathematical and philosophical aspects of the history of mathematics.Mathematics: A Concise History and PhilosophyW.S. AnglinThis is a concise introductory textbook for a one semester course in the history and philosophy of mathematics. It is written for mathematics majors, philosophy students, history of science students and secondary school mathematics teachers. The only prerequisite is a solid command of pre-calculus mathematics. It is shorter than the standard textbooks in that area and thus more accessible to students who have trouble coping with vast amounts of reading. Furthermore, there are many detailed explanations of the important mathematical procedures actually used by famous mathematicians, giving more mathematically talented students a greater opportunity to learn the history and philosophy by way of problem solving. Several important philosophical topics are pursued throughout the text, giving the student an opportunity to come to a full and consistent knowledge of their development. These topics include infinity, the nature of motion, and Platonism. This book offers, in fewer pages, a deep penetration into the key mathematical and philosophical aspects of the history of mathematics.Introduction to Analytic Number TheoryTom M. Apostol"This book is the first volume of a two-volume textbook for undergraduates and is indeed the crystallization of a course offered by the author at the California Institute of Technology to undergraduates without any previous knowledge of number theory. For this reason, the book starts with the most elementary properties of the natural integers. Nevertheless, the text succeeds in presenting an enormous amount of material in little more than 300 pages."-—MATHEMATICAL REVIEWSProblems and Solutions in Euclidean GeometryM. N. Aref, William Wernick, MathematicsIntended for a second course in Euclidean geometry, this volume is based on classical principles and can be used by students of mathematics as a supplementary text and by mechanical engineers as an aid to developing greater mathematical facility. It features 200 problems of increasing complexity with worked-out solutions, along with hints for additional problems.Each of  the eight chapters covers a different aspect of Euclidean geometry: triangles and polygons; areas, squares and rectangles; circles and tangency; ratio and proportion; loci and transversals; geometry of lines and rays; geometry of the circle; and space geometry. The authors list relevant theorems and corollaries, and they state and prove many important propositions. More than 200 figures illustrate the text.Algebra with Galois TheoryEmil ArtinThe present text was first published in 1947 by the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences of New York University. Published under the title Modern Higher Algebra. Galois Theory, it was based on lectures by Emil Artin and written by Albert A. Blank. This volume became one of the most popular in the series of lecture notes published by Courant. Many instructors used the book as a textbook, and it was popular among students as a supplementary text as well as a primary textbook. Because of its popularity, Courant has republished the volume under the new title Algebra with Galois Theory. Titles in this series are co-published with the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University.Algebraic Numbers and Algebraic FunctionsEmil ArtinFamous Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel advised that one should "learn from the masters, not from the pupils". When the subject is algebraic numbers and algebraic functions, there is no greater master than Emil Artin. In this classic text, originated from the notes of the course given at Princeton University in 1950-1951 and first published in 1967, one has a beautiful introduction to the subject accompanied by Artin's unique insights and perspectives. The exposition starts with the general theory of valuation fields in Part I, proceeds to the local class field theory in Part II, and then to the theory of function fields in one variable (including the Riemann-Roch theorem and its applications) in Part III. Prerequisites for reading the book are a standard first-year graduate course in algebra (including some Galois theory) and elementary notions of point set topology. With many examples, this book can be used by graduate students and all mathematicians learning number theory and related areas of algebraic geometry of curves.Basic Probability TheoryRobert B. AshThis introduction to more advanced courses in probability and real analysis emphasizes the probabilistic way of thinking, rather than measure-theoretic concepts. Geared toward advanced undergraduates and graduate students, its sole prerequisite is calculus.Taking statistics as its major field of application, the text opens with a review of basic concepts, advancing to surveys of random variables, the properties of expectation, conditional probability and expectation, and characteristic functions. Subsequent topics include infinite sequences of random variables, Markov chains, and an introduction to statistics. Complete solutions to some of the problems appear at the end of the book.Introduction To Commutative AlgebraMichael AtiyahThis book grew out of a course of lectures given to third year undergraduates at Oxford University and it has the modest aim of producing a rapid introduction to the subject. It is designed to be read by students who have had a first elementary course in general algebra. On the other hand, it is not intended as a substitute for the more voluminous tracts such as Zariski-Samuel or Bourbaki. We have concentrated on certain central topics, and large areas, such as field theory, are not touched. In content we cover rather more ground than Northcott and our treatment is substantially different in that, following the modern trend, we put more emphasis on modules and localization.A Concise Introduction to the Theory of NumbersAlan BakerNumber theory has a long and distinguished history and the concepts and problems relating to the subject have been instrumental in the foundation of much of mathematics. In this book, Professor Baker describes the rudiments of number theory in a concise, simple and direct manner. Though most of the text is classical in content, he includes many guides to further study which will stimulate the reader to delve into the great wealth of literature devoted to the subject. The book is based on Professor Baker's lectures given at the University of Cambridge and is intended for undergraduate students of mathematics.Transcendental Number TheoryAlan BakerFirst published in 1975, this classic book gives a systematic account of transcendental number theory, that is those numbers which cannot be expressed as the roots of algebraic equations having rational coefficients. Their study has developed into a fertile and extensive theory enriching many branches of pure mathematics. Expositions are presented of theories relating to linear forms in the logarithms of algebraic numbers, of Schmidt's generalization of the Thue-Siegel-Roth theorem, of Shidlovsky's work on Siegel's E-functions and of Sprindzuk's solution to the Mahler conjecture. The volume was revised in 1979, however Professor Baker has taken this further opportunity to update the book including new advances in the theory and many new references.Models and Ultraproducts: An IntroductionA. B. Slomson J. L. BellIn this text for first-year graduate students, the authors provide an elementary exposition of some of the basic concepts of model theory—focusing particularly on the ultraproduct construction and the areas in which it is most useful. The book, which assumes only that its readers are acquainted with the rudiments of set theory, starts by developing the notions of Boolean algebra, propositional calculus, and predicate calculus.Model theory proper begins in the fourth chapter, followed by an introduction to ultraproduct construction, which includes a detailed look at its theoretic properties. An overview of elementary equivalence provides algebraic descriptions of the elementary classes. Discussions of completeness follow, along with surveys of the work of Jónsson and of Morley and Vaught on homogeneous universal models, and the results of Keisler in connection with the notion of a saturated structure. Additional topics include classical results of Gödel and Skolem, and extensions of classical first-order logic in terms of generalized quantifiers and infinitary languages. Numerous exercises appear throughout the text.Axiomatic Set TheoryPaul BernaysA monograph containing a historical introduction by A. A. Fraenkel to the original Zermelo-Fraenkel form of set-theoretic axiomatics, and Paul Bernays’ independent presentation of a formal system of axiomatic set theory. No special knowledge of set thory and its axiomatics is required. With indexes of authors, symbols and matters, a list of axioms and an extensive bibliography.Algèbre linéaire et géométrie classiqueJ.-E Bertin, M.-J BertinCombinatorics of Coxeter GroupsAnders Bjorner, Francesco BrentiIncludes a rich variety of exercises to accompany the exposition of Coxeter groupsCoxeter groups have already been exposited from algebraic and geometric perspectives, but this book will be presenting the combinatorial aspects of Coxeter groupsTheory of Numbers, Mathematical Analysis and Their ApplicationsN. N. And K. K. Mardzhanishvili, Eds. BogolyubovHeights in Diophantine GeometryEnrico Bombieri, Walter GublerDiophantine geometry has been studied by number theorists for thousands of years, since the time of Pythagoras, and has continued to be a rich area of ideas such as Fermat's Last Theorem, and most recently the ABC conjecture. This monograph is a bridge between the classical theory and modern approach via arithmetic geometry. The authors provide a clear path through the subject for graduate students and researchers. They have re-examined many results and much of the literature, and provide a thorough account of several topics at a level not seen before in book form. The treatment is largely self-contained, with proofs given in full detail.Number Theory,Z. I. Borevich, I. R. ShafarevichModern number theory, according to Hecke, dates from Gauss's quadratic reciprocity law. The various extensions of this law and the generalizations of the domains of study for number theory have led to a rich network of ideas, which has had effects throughout mathematics, in particular in algebra. This volume of the Encyclopaedia presents the main structures and results of algebraic number theory with emphasis on algebraic number fields and class field theory. Koch has written for the non-specialist. He assumes that the reader has a general understanding of modern algebra and elementary number theory. Mostly only the general properties of algebraic number fields and related structures are included. Special results appear only as examples which illustrate general features of the theory. A part of algebraic number theory serves as a basic science for other parts of mathematics, such as arithmetic algebraic geometry and the theory of modular forms. For this reason, the chapters on basic number theory, class field theory and Galois cohomology contain more detail than the others. This book is suitable for graduate students and research mathematicians who wish to become acquainted with the main ideas and methods of algebraic number theory.Algèbre commutative: Chapitre 10N. BourbakiLes Éléments de mathématique de Nicolas Bourbaki ont pour objet une présentation rigoureuse, systématique et sans prérequis des mathématiques depuis leurs fondements.Ce volume du Livre d’Algèbre commutative, septième Livre du traité, est la continuation des chapitres antérieurs. Il introduit notamment les notions de profondeur et de lissité, fondamentales en géometrie algébrique. Il se termine par l’introduction des modules dualisants et de la dualité de Grothendieck.Ce volume est paru en 1998.Algèbre commutative: Chapitres 1 à 4N. BourbakiLes Elements de mathematique de Nicolas Bourbaki ont pour objet une presentation rigoureuse, systematique et sans prerequis des mathematiques depuis leurs fondements. Ce premier volume du Livre d Algebre commutative, septieme Livre du traite, est consacre aux concepts fondamentaux de l algebre commutative. Il comprend les chapitres: 1. Modules plats; 2. Localisation; 3. Graduations, filtrations et topologies; 4. Ideaux premiers associes et decomposition primaire. Il contient egalement des notes historiques. Ce volume est une reimpression de l edition de 1969.Algèbre commutative: Chapitres 5 à 7N. BourbakiCe deuxième volume du Livre d’Algèbre commutative, septième Livre du traité, introduit deux notions fondamentales en algèbre commutative, celle d’entier algébrique et celle de valuation, qui ont de nombreuses applications en théorie des nombres et en géometrie algébrique. It traite également des anneaux de Krull ou de Dedekind. Il comprend les chapitres : 1. Entiers ; 2. Valuations ; 3. Diviseurs.Algèbre commutative: Chapitres 8 et 9N. BourbakiCe volume du Livre d’Algèbre commutative, septième Livre du traité, comprend les chapitres: 8. Dimension ; 9. Anneaux locaux noethériens complets. Le chapitre 8 traite de diverses notions de dimension en algèbre commutative, telles que la dimension de Krull d’un anneau. Ces notions jouent un rôle capital en géometrie algébrique. Le chapitre 9 introduit, quant à lui, les vecteurs de Witt et les anneaux japonais.Algèbre: Chapitre 4 à 7N. BourbakiCe deuxième volume du Livre d’Algèbre, deuxième Livre des Éléments de mathématique, traite notamment des extensions de corps et de la théorie de Galois. Il comprend les chapitres : 4. Polynômes et fractions rationnelles ; 5. Corps commutatifs ; 6. Groupes et corps ordonnés ; 7. Modules sur les anneaux principaux.Algèbre: Chapitre 8N. BourbakiCe huitième chapitre du Livre d'Algèbre, deuxième Livre des Éléments de mathématique, est consacré à l'étude de certaines classes d'anneaux et des modules sur ces anneaux.Il couvre les notions de module et d'anneau noethérien et artinien, ainsi que celle de radical. Ce chapitre décrit également la structure des anneaux semi-simples. Nous y donnons aussi la définition de divers groupes de Grothendieck qui jouent un rôle universel pour les invariants de modules et plusieurs descriptions du groupe de Brauer qui intervient dans la classification des anneaux simples.Une note historique en fin de volume, reprise de l'édition précédente, retrace l'émergence d'une grande partie des notions développées.Ce volume est une deuxième édition entièrement refondue de l'édition de 1958.Algèbre: Chapitre 9N. BourbakiFormes sesquilinéaires et formes quadratiquesLes Éléments de mathématique de Nicolas BOURBAKI ont pour objet une présentation rigoureuse, systématique et sans prérequis des mathématiques depuis leurs fondements.Ce neuvième chapitre du Livre d’Algèbre, deuxième Livre du traité, est consacré aux formes quadratiques, symplectiques ou hermitiennes et aux groupes associés.Il contient également une note historique.Ce volume est une réimpression de l’édition de 1959.Algèbre: Chapitre 10. Algèbre homologiqueN. BourbakiLes Éléments de mathématique de Nicolas Bourbaki ont pour objet une présentation rigoureuse, systématique et sans prérequis des mathématiques depuis leurs fondements.Ce dixième chapitre du Livre d’Algèbre, deuxième Livre du traité, pose les bases du calcul homologique.Ce volume est a été publié en 1980.Algèbre: Chapitres 1 à 3N. BourbakiLes Éléments de mathématique de Nicolas Bourbaki ont pour objet une présentation rigoureuse, systématique et sans prérequis des mathématiques depuis leurs fondements.Ce premier volume du Livre d’Algèbre, deuxième Livre des Éléments de mathématique, comprend les chapitres : Structures algébriques.- Algèbre linéaire.- Algèbres tensorielles, algèbres, extérieures, algèbres symétriquesFunctions of a Real VariableN. BourbakiThis is an English translation of Bourbaki’s Fonctions d'une Variable Réelle. Coverage includes: functions allowed to take values in topological vector spaces, asymptotic expansions are treated on a filtered set equipped with a comparison scale, theorems on the dependence on parameters of differential equations are directly applicable to the study of flows of vector fields on differential manifolds, etc.A Pathway Into Number TheoryR. P. BurnNumber theory is concerned with the properties of the natural numbers: 1,2,3,.... During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, number theory became established through the work of Fermat, Euler and Gauss. With the hand calculators and computers of today, the results of extensive numerical work are instantly available and mathematicians may traverse the road leading to their discoveries with comparative ease. Now in its second edition, this book consists of a sequence of exercises that will lead readers from quite simple number work to the point where they can prove algebraically the classical results of elementary number theory for themselves. A modern high school course in mathematics is sufficient background for the whole book which, as a whole, is designed to be used as an undergraduate course in number theory to be pursued by independent study without supporting lectures.Anneaux-Corps, vomume 1 : Eléments de théorie des anneauxJosette CalaisAdvances in Contemporary Logic and Computer Science: Proceedings of the Eleventh Brazilian Conference on Mathematical Logic, May 6-10, 1996, Salvador Da Bahia, BrazilWalter A. Carnielli, Itala M. L. D'OttavianoThis volume presents the proceedings from the Eleventh Brazilian Logic Conference on Mathematical Logic held by the Brazilian Logic Society (co-sponsored by the Centre for Logic, Epistemology and the History of Science, State University of Campinas, Sao Paolo) in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The conference and the volume are dedicated to the memory of professor Mario Tourasse Teixeira, an educator and researcher who contributed to the formation of several generations of Brazilian logicians.Contributions were made from leading Brazilian logicians and their Latin-American and European colleagues. All papers were selected by a careful refereeing processs and were revised and updated by their authors for publication in this volume. There are three sections: Advances in Logic, Advances in Theoretical Computer Science, and Advances in Philosophical Logic. Well-known specialists present original research on several aspects of model theory, proof theory, algebraic logic, category theory, connections between logic and computer science, and topics of philosophical logic of current interest. Topics interweave proof-theoretical, semantical, foundational, and philosophical aspects with algorithmic and algebraic views, offering lively high-level research results.Differential FormsHenri Cartan"Cartan's work provides a superb text for an undergraduate course in advanced calculus, but at the same time it furnishes the reader with an excellent foundation for global and nonlinear algebra." — Mathematical Review"Brilliantly successful." — Bulletin de l'Association des Professeurs de Mathematiques"The presentation is precise and detailed, the style lucid and almost conversational . . . clearly an outstanding text and work of reference." — AnnalesCartan's Formes Differentielles was first published in France in 1967. It was based on the world-famous teacher's experience at the Faculty of Sciences in Paris, where his reputation as an outstanding exponent of the Bourbaki school of mathematics was first established.Addressed to second- and third-year students of mathematics, the material skillfully spans the pure and applied branches in the familiar French manner, so that the applied aspects gain in rigor while the pure mathematics loses none of its dignity. This book is equally essential as a course text, as a work of reference, or simply as a brilliant mathematical exercise.Differential FormsHenri Cartan"Cartan's work provides a superb text for an undergraduate course in advanced calculus, but at the same time it furnishes the reader with an excellent foundation for global and nonlinear algebra." — Mathematical Review"Brilliantly successful." — Bulletin de l'Association des Professeurs de Mathematiques"The presentation is precise and detailed, the style lucid and almost conversational . . . clearly an outstanding text and work of reference." — AnnalesCartan's Formes Differentielles was first published in France in 1967. It was based on the world-famous teacher's experience at the Faculty of Sciences in Paris, where his reputation as an outstanding exponent of the Bourbaki school of mathematics was first established.Addressed to second- and third-year students of mathematics, the material skillfully spans the pure and applied branches in the familiar French manner, so that the applied aspects gain in rigor while the pure mathematics loses none of its dignity. This book is equally essential as a course text, as a work of reference, or simply as a brilliant mathematical exercise.Elementary Theory of Analytic Functions of One or Several Complex VariablesHenri CartanNoted mathematician offers basic treatment of theory of analytic functions of a complex variable, touching on analytic functions of several real or complex variables as well as the existence theorem for solutions of differential systems where data is analytic. Also included is a systematic, though elementary, exposition of theory of abstract complex manifolds of one complex dimension. Topics include power series in one variable, holomorphic functions, Cauchy’s integral, more. Exercises. 1973 edition.Rational Quadratic FormsJ. W. S. Cassels, MathematicsThis exploration of quadratic forms over rational numbers and rational integers offers an excellent elementary introduction to many aspects of a classical subject, including recent developments. The author, a Professor Emeritus at Trinity College, University of Cambridge, offers a largely self-contained treatment that develops most of the prerequisites.Topics include the theory of quadratic forms over local fields, forms with integral coefficients, genera and spinor genera, reduction theory for definite forms, and Gauss' composition theory. The final chapter explains how to formulate the proofs in earlier chapters independently of Dirichlet's theorems related to the existence of primes in arithmetic progressions. Specialists will particularly value the several helpful appendixes on class numbers, Siegel's formulas, Tamagawa numbers, and other topics. Each chapter concludes with many exercises and hints, plus notes that include historical remarks and references to the literature.Representation Theory of the Symmetric Groups: The Okounkov-Vershik Approach, Character Formulas, and Partition AlgebrasTullio Ceccherini-Silberstein, Fabio Scarabotti, Filippo TolliThe representation theory of the symmetric groups is a classical topic that, since the pioneering work of Frobenius, Schur and Young, has grown into a huge body of theory, with many important connections to other areas of mathematics and physics. This self-contained book provides a detailed introduction to the subject, covering classical topics such as the Littlewood-Richardson rule and the Schur-Weyl duality. Importantly the authors also present many recent advances in the area, including Lassalle's character formulas, the theory of partition algebras, and an exhaustive exposition of the approach developed by A. M. Vershik and A. Okounkov. A wealth of examples and exercises makes this an ideal textbook for graduate students. It will also serve as a useful reference for more experienced researchers across a range of areas, including algebra, computer science, statistical mechanics and theoretical physics.Model Theory, Third EditionC.C. Chang, H.J. KeislerSince the second edition of this book (1977), Model Theory has changed radically, and is now concerned with fields such as classification (or stability) theory, nonstandard analysis, model-theoretic algebra, recursive model theory, abstract model theory, and model theories for a host of nonfirst order logics. Model theoretic methods have also had a major impact on set theory, recursion theory, and proof theory.This new edition has been updated to take account of these changes, while preserving its usefulness as a first textbook in model theory. Whole new sections have been added, as well as new exercises and references. A number of updates, improvements and corrections have been made to the main text.Introduction to the Theory of Algebraic Functions of One Variable Mathematical Surveys Number VIClaude ChevalleyIntroduction à l'analyse numérique matricielle et à l'optimisationPhilippe G. CiarletThe Concise Oxford Dictionary of MathematicsChristopher Clapham, James NicholsonAuthoritative and reliable, this is the ideal reference guide for students of mathematics at school or in the first year at university.Many entries have been added for this new edition, expanding coverage in the area of computing, including entries on Linear Algebra, Optimisation, Nonlinear equations, Differential equations, and others. More biographies of prominent mathematicians are also added, including Nobel Prizewinners and Fields' medalists. Terms used in first-year university courses, e.g. Lorenz attractor, Linear programming, Louisville numbers, etc., bring the new edition right up-to-date. The dictionary covers both pure and applied mathematics as well as statistics, and there are entries on major mathematicians and mathematics of more general interest, such as fractals, game theory, and chaos.A Course in Computational Algebraic Number TheoryHenri CohenA description of 148 algorithms fundamental to number-theoretic computations, in particular for computations related to algebraic number theory, elliptic curves, primality testing and factoring. The first seven chapters guide readers to the heart of current research in computational algebraic number theory, including recent algorithms for computing class groups and units, as well as elliptic curve computations, while the last three chapters survey factoring and primality testing methods, including a detailed description of the number field sieve algorithm. The whole is rounded off with a description of available computer packages and some useful tables, backed by numerous exercises. Written by an authority in the field, and one with great practical and teaching experience, this is certain to become the standard and indispensable reference on the subject.Number Theory: Volume I: Tools and Diophantine EquationsHenri CohenThe central theme of this book is the solution of Diophantine equations, i.e., equations or systems of polynomial equations which must be solved in integers, rational numbers or more generally in algebraic numbers. This theme, in particular, is the central motivation for the modern theory of arithmetic algebraic geometry. In this text, this is considered through three of its most basic aspects. The book contains more than 350 exercises and the text is largely self-contained. Much more sophisticated techniques have been brought to bear on the subject of Diophantine equations, and for this reason, the author has included five appendices on these techniques.Number Theory: Volume II: Analytic and Modern ToolsHenri CohenThis book deals with several aspects of what is now called "explicit number theory." The central theme is the solution of Diophantine equations, i.e., equations or systems of polynomial equations which must be solved in integers, rational numbers or more generally in algebraic numbers. This theme, in particular, is the central motivation for the modern theory of arithmetic algebraic geometry. In this text, this is considered through three of its most basic aspects. The local aspect, global aspect, and the third aspect is the theory of zeta and L-functions. This last aspect can be considered as a unifying theme for the whole subject.Set Theory and the Continuum HypothesisPaul J. Cohen, MathematicsThis exploration of a notorious mathematical problem is the work of the man who discovered the solution. The independence of the continuum hypothesis is the focus of this study by Paul J. Cohen. It presents not only an accessible technical explanation of the author's landmark proof but also a fine introduction to mathematical logic. An emeritus professor of mathematics at Stanford University, Dr. Cohen won two of the most prestigious awards in mathematics: in 1964, he was awarded the American Mathematical Society's Bôcher Prize for analysis; and in 1966, he received the Fields Medal for Logic.In this volume, the distinguished mathematician offers an exposition of set theory and the continuum hypothesis that employs intuitive explanations as well as detailed proofs. The self-contained treatment includes background material in logic and axiomatic set theory as well as an account of Kurt Gödel's proof of the consistency of the continuum hypothesis. An invaluable reference book for mathematicians and mathematical theorists, this text is suitable for graduate and postgraduate students and is rich with hints and ideas that will lead readers to further work in mathematical logic.Advanced Number TheoryHarvey Cohn"A very stimulating book ... in a class by itself." — American Mathematical MonthlyAdvanced students, mathematicians and number theorists will welcome this stimulating treatment of advanced number theory, which approaches the complex topic of algebraic number theory from a historical standpoint, taking pains to show the reader how concepts, definitions and theories have evolved during the last two centuries. Moreover, the book abounds with numerical examples and more concrete, specific theorems than are found in most contemporary treatments of the subject.The book is divided into three parts. Part I is concerned with background material — a synopsis of elementary number theory (including quadratic congruences and the Jacobi symbol), characters of residue class groups via the structure theorem for finite abelian groups, first notions of integral domains, modules and lattices, and such basis theorems as Kronecker's Basis Theorem for Abelian Groups.Part II discusses ideal theory in quadratic fields, with chapters on unique factorization and units, unique factorization into ideals, norms and ideal classes (in particular, Minkowski's theorem), and class structure in quadratic fields. Applications of this material are made in Part III to class number formulas and primes in arithmetic progression, quadratic reciprocity in the rational domain and the relationship between quadratic forms and ideals, including the theory of composition, orders and genera. In a final concluding survey of more recent developments, Dr. Cohn takes up Cyclotomic Fields and Gaussian Sums, Class Fields and Global and Local Viewpoints.In addition to numerous helpful diagrams and tables throughout the text, appendices, and an annotated bibliography, Advanced Number Theory also includes over 200 problems specially designed to stimulate the spirit of experimentation which has traditionally ruled number theory.Linear equations (Library of mathematics)P. M CohnOn Quaternions and OctonionsJohn Horton Conway, Derek SmithThis book investigates the geometry of quaternion and octonion algebras. Following a comprehensive historical introduction, the book illuminates the special properties of 3- and 4-dimensional Euclidean spaces using quaternions, leading to enumerations of the corresponding finite groups of symmetries. The second half of the book discusses the less familiar octonion algebra, concentrating on its remarkable "triality symmetry" after an appropriate study of Moufang loops. The authors also describe the arithmetics of the quaternions and octonions. The book concludes with a new theory of octonion factorization. Topics covered include the geometry of complex numbers, quaternions and 3-dimensional groups, quaternions and 4-dimensional groups, Hurwitz integral quaternions, composition algebras, Moufang loops, octonions and 8-dimensional geometry, integral octonions, and the octonion projective plane.The Sensual Quadratic FormJohn Horton ConwayJohn Horton Conway's unique approach to quadratic forms was the subject of the Hedrick Lectures given by him in August of 1991 at the Joint Meetings of the Mathematical Association of America and the American Mathematical Society in Orono, Mane. This book presents the substance of those lectures. The book should not be though of a serious textbook on the theory of quadratic forms—it consists rather of a number of essays on particular aspects of quadratic forms that have interested the author. The lectures are self-contained and will be accessible to the generally informed reader who has no particular background in quadratic form theory. The minor exceptions should not interrupt the flow of ideas. The Afterthoughts to the Lectures contain discussion of related matters that occasionally presuppose greater knowledge.Computability, Enumerability, Unsolvability: Directions in Recursion TheoryS. B. Cooper, T. A. Slaman, S. S. WainerThe fundamental ideas concerning computation and recursion naturally find their place at the interface between logic and theoretical computer science. The contributions in this book provide a picture of current ideas and methods in the ongoing investigations into the structure of the computable and noncomputable universe. A number of the articles contain introductory and background material that will make the volume an invaluable resource for mathematicians and computer scientists.Computability TheoryS. Barry CooperComputability theory originated with the seminal work of Gödel, Church, Turing, Kleene and Post in the 1930s. This theory includes a wide spectrum of topics, such as the theory of reducibilities and their degree structures, computably enumerable sets and their automorphisms, and subrecursive hierarchy classifications. Recent work in computability theory has focused on Turing definability and promises to have far-reaching mathematical, scientific, and philosophical consequences.Written by a leading researcher, Computability Theory provides a concise, comprehensive, and authoritative introduction to contemporary computability theory, techniques, and results. The basic concepts and techniques of computability theory are placed in their historical, philosophical and logical context. This presentation is characterized by an unusual breadth of coverage and the inclusion of advanced topics not to be found elsewhere in the literature at this level.The book includes both the standard material for a first course in computability and more advanced looks at degree structures, forcing, priority methods, and determinacy. The final chapter explores a variety of computability applications to mathematics and science.Computability Theory is an invaluable text, reference, and guide to the direction of current research in the field. Nowhere else will you find the techniques and results of this beautiful and basic subject brought alive in such an approachable and lively way.Logique mathématique, tome 1 : Calcul propositionnel, algèbres de Boole, calcul des prédicatsRené Cori, Daniel LascarDans ce premier tome, les auteurs présentent successivement le calcul propositionnel, les algèbres de Boole, le calcul des prédicats et les théorèmes de complétude. Sommaire : Calcul propositionnel : Syntaxe, Sémantique, Formes normales, systèmes complets de connecteurs, Lemme d'interpolation, etc.; Algèbres de Boole : Rappels d'algèbre et de topologie, Définition des algèbres de Boole, Atomes dans une algèbre de Boole, etc.; Calcul des prédicats : Syntaxe, Les structures, Satisfaction des formules dans les structures, etc.Logique mathématique, tome 2 : Fonctions récursives, théorème de Gödel, théorie des ensemblesRené Cori, Daniel LascarCe deuxième tome est plus particulièrement consacré aux problèmes de récursivité et de formalisation de l'arithmétique, aux théorèmes de Gödel et à la théorie des ensembles ainsi qu'à la théorie des modèles. Sommaire : Récursivité : Fonctions et ensembles récursifs primitifs, Fonctions récursives, Machines de Turing, Les ensembles récursivement énumérables; Formalisation de l'arithmétique - Théorèmes de Gödel : Les axiomes de Peano, Les fonctions représentables, Arithmétisation de la syntaxe, etc.What Is Mathematics? An Elementary Approach to Ideas and MethodsRichard Courant, Herbert Robbins, Ian StewartFor more than two thousand years a familiarity with mathematics has been regarded as an indispensable part of the intellectual equipment of every cultured person. Today, unfortunately, the traditional place of mathematics in education is in grave danger. The teaching and learning of mathematics has degenerated into the realm of rote memorization, the outcome of which leads to satisfactory formal ability but does not lead to real understanding or to greater intellectual independence. This new edition of Richard Courant's and Herbert Robbins's classic work seeks to address this problem. Its goal is to put the meaning back into mathematics.Written for beginners and scholars, for students and teachers, for philosophers and engineers, What is Mathematics?, Second Edition is a sparkling collection of mathematical gems that offers an entertaining and accessible portrait of the mathematical world. Covering everything from natural numbers and the number system to geometrical constructions and projective geometry, from topology and calculus to matters of principle and the Continuum Hypothesis, this fascinating survey allows readers to delve into mathematics as an organic whole rather than an empty drill in problem solving. With chapters largely independent of one another and sections that lead upward from basic to more advanced discussions, readers can easily pick and choose areas of particular interest without impairing their understanding of subsequent parts.Brought up to date with a new chapter by Ian Stewart, What is Mathematics?, Second Edition offers new insights into recent mathematical developments and describes proofs of the Four-Color Theorem and Fermat's Last Theorem, problems that were still open when Courant and Robbins wrote this masterpiece, but ones that have since been solved.Formal mathematics is like spelling and grammar—a matter of the correct application of local rules. Meaningful mathematics is like journalism—it tells an interesting story. But unlike some journalism, the story has to be true. The best mathematics is like literature—it brings a story to life before your eyes and involves you in it, intellectually and emotionally. What is Mathematics is like a fine piece of literature—it opens a window onto the world of mathematics for anyone interested to view.Higher-Dimensional Algebraic GeometryOlivier DebarreThe classification theory of algebraic varieties is the focus of this book. This very active area of research is still developing, but an amazing quantity of knowledge has accumulated over the past twenty years. The authors goal is to provide an easily accessible introduction to the subject. The book starts with preparatory and standard definitions and results, then moves on to discuss various aspects of the geometry of smooth projective varieties with many rational curves, and finishes in taking the first steps towards Moris minimal model program of classification of algebraic varieties by proving the cone and contraction theorems. The book is well-organized and the author has kept the number of concepts that are used but not proved to a minimum to provide a mostly self-contained introduction.Constructive Aspects of the Fundamental Theorem of AlgebraBruno & Peter Henrici. Eds. DejonHilbert's Tenth Problem: Relations With Arithmetic and Algebraic Geometry : Workshop on Hilbert's Tenth Problem : Relations With Arithemtic and ... November 2-5Jan Denef, Leonard Lipshitz, Thanases Pheidas, Jan Van GeelThis book is the result of a meeting that took place at the University of Ghent (Belgium) on the relations between Hilbert's tenth problem, arithmetic, and algebraic geometry. Included are written articles detailing the lectures that were given as well as contributed papers on current topics of interest. The following areas are addressed: an historical overview of Hilbert's tenth problem, Hilbert's tenth problem for various rings and fields, model theory and local-global principles, including relations between model theory and algebraic groups and analytic geometry, conjectures in arithmetic geometry and the structure of diophantine sets, for example with Mazur's conjecture, Lang's conjecture, and Bucchi's problem, and results on the complexity of diophantine geometry, highlighting the relation to the theory of computation.The volume allows the reader to learn and compare different approaches (arithmetical, geometrical, topological, model-theoretical, and computational) to the general structural analysis of the set of solutions of polynomial equations. It would make a nice contribution to graduate and advanced graduate courses on logic, algebraic geometry, and number theory.Foundations of Modern AnalysisJ. DieudonneMany of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork.Mathematics - The Music of ReasonJean DieudonneThis book is of interest for students of mathematics or of neighboring subjects like physics, engineering, computer science, and also for people who have at least school level mathematics and have kept some interest in it. Also good for younger readers just reaching their final school year of mathematics.A History of Algebraic and Differential Topology, 1900 - 1960Jean DieudonnéThis book is a well-informed and detailed analysis of the problems and development of algebraic topology, from Poincaré and Brouwer to Serre, Adams, and Thom. The author has examined each significant paper along this route and describes the steps and strategy of its proofs and its relation to other work. Previously, the history of the many technical developments of 20th-century mathematics had seemed to present insuperable obstacles to scholarship. This book demonstrates in the case of topology how these obstacles can be overcome, with enlightening results.... Within its chosen boundaries the coverage of this book is superb. Read it!—MathSciNetProblems in Group TheoryJohn D. Dixon, MathematicsThe most effective way to study any branch of mathematics is to tackle its problems. This wide-ranging anthology offers a straightforward approach, with 431 challenging problems in all phases of group theory, from elementary to the most advanced.The problems are arranged in eleven chapters: subgroups, permutation groups, automorphisms and finitely generated Abelian groups, normal series, commutators and derived series, solvable and nilpotent groups, the group ring and monomial representations, Frattini subgroup, factorization, linear groups, and representations and characters. Each chapter features a preface of pertinent definitions and theorems, and full solutions appear in a separate section.Most of these problems are derived from research papers published since 1950 (a listing of 102 references is supplied). This compilation makes them readily accessible as a supplement to courses in group theory. The presentation places equal emphasis on techniques and results, encouraging the development of both skill and comprehension.Galois TheoryHarold M. EdwardsThis is an introduction to Galois Theory along the lines of Galois’s Memoir on the Conditions for Solvability of Equations by Radicals. It puts Galois’s ideas into historical perspective by tracing their antecedents in the works of Gauss, Lagrange, Newton, and even the ancient Babylonians. It also explains the modern formulation of the theory. It includes many exercises, with their answers, and an English translation of Galois’s memoir.Commutative Algebra: with a View Toward Algebraic GeometryDavid EisenbudThis is a comprehensive review of commutative algebra, from localization and primary decomposition through dimension theory, homological methods, free resolutions and duality, emphasizing the origins of the ideas and their connections with other parts of mathematics. The book gives a concise treatment of Grobner basis theory and the constructive methods in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry that flow from it. Many exercises included.Analytic Elements in P-Adic AnalysisAlain EscassutThe behaviour of the analytic elements on an infraconnected set D in K an algebraically closed complete ultrametric field is mainly explained by the circular filters and the monotonous filters on D, especially the T-filters: zeros of the elements, Mittag-Leffler series, factorization, Motzkin factorization, maximum principle, injectivity, algebraic properties of the algebra of the analytic elements on D, problems of analytic extension. This is applied to the differential equation y'=hy (y,h analytic elements on D), analytic interpolation, p-adic group duality on meromorphic products and to the p-adic Fourier transform.An Introduction to Number TheoryG. Everest, Thomas WardIncludes up-to-date material on recent developments and topics of significant interest, such as elliptic functions and the new primality testSelects material from both the algebraic and analytic disciplines, presenting several different proofs of a single result to illustrate the differing viewpoints and give good insightDifferential calculusW. L FerrarMethods of Advanced CalculusPhillip FranklinField ArithmeticMichael D. Fried, Moshe JardenField Arithmetic explores Diophantine fields through their absolute Galois groups. This largely self-contained treatment starts with techniques from algebraic geometry, number theory, and profinite groups. Graduate students can effectively learn generalizations of finite field ideas. We use Haar measure on the absolute Galois group to replace counting arguments. New Chebotarev density variants interpret diophantine properties. Here we have the only complete treatment of Galois stratifications, used by Denef and Loeser, et al, to study Chow motives of Diophantine statements.Progress from the first edition starts by characterizing the finite-field like P(seudo)A(lgebraically)C(losed) fields. We once believed PAC fields were rare. Now we know they include valuable Galois extensions of the rationals that present its absolute Galois group through known groups. PAC fields have projective absolute Galois group. Those that are Hilbertian are characterized by this group being pro-free. These last decade results are tools for studying fields by their relation to those with projective absolute group. There are still mysterious problems to guide a new generation: Is the solvable closure of the rationals PAC; and do projective Hilbertian fields have pro-free absolute Galois group (includes Shafarevich's conjecture)?From Holomorphic Functions to Complex ManifoldsKlaus Fritzsche, Hans GrauertThis introduction to the theory of complex manifolds covers the most important branches and methods in complex analysis of several variables while completely avoiding abstract concepts involving sheaves, coherence, and higher-dimensional cohomology. Only elementary methods such as power series, holomorphic vector bundles, and one-dimensional cocycles are used. Each chapter contains a variety of examples and exercises.Representation Theory: A First CourseWilliam Fulton, Joe HarrisIntroducing finite-dimensional representations of Lie groups and Lie algebras, this example-oriented book works from representation theory of finite groups, through Lie groups and Lie algrbras to the finite dimensional representations of the classical groups.Computers and Intractability: A Guide to the Theory of NP-CompletenessMichael R. Garey, David S. JohnsonBook annotation not available for this title.Title: Computers and IntractabilityAuthor: Garey, Michael R./ Johnson, David S.Publisher: Macmillan Higher EducationPublication Date: 1979/01/15Number of Pages: 338Binding Type: PAPERBACKLibrary of Congress: 78012361A Course in Galois TheoryD. J. H. GarlingGalois theory is one of the most beautiful branches of mathematics. By synthesising the techniques of group theory and field theory it provides a complete answer to the problem of the solubility of polynomials by radicals: that is, the problem of determining when and how a polynomial equation can be solved by repeatedly extracting roots and using elementary algebraic operations. This textbook, based on lectures given over a period of years at Cambridge, is a detailed and thorough introduction to the subject. The work begins with an elementary discussion of groups, fields and vector spaces, and then leads the reader through such topics as rings, extension fields, ruler-and-compass constructions, to automorphisms and the Galois correspondence. By these means, the problem of the solubility of polynomials by radicals is answered; in particular it is shown that not every quintic equation can be solved by radicals. Throughout, Dr Garling presents the subject not as something closed, but as one with many applications. In the final chapters, he discusses further topics, such as transcendence and the calculation of Galois groups, which indicate that there are many questions still to be answered. The reader is assumed to have no previous knowledge of Galois theory. Some experience of modern algebra is helpful, so that the book is suitable for undergraduates in their second or final years. There are over 200 exercises which provide a stimulating challenge to the reader.Counterexamples in AnalysisBernard R. Gelbaum, John M. H. OlmstedThese counterexamples, arranged according to difficulty or sophistication, deal mostly with the part of analysis known as "real variables," starting at the level of calculus. The first half of the book concerns functions of a real variable; topics include the real number system, functions and limits, differentiation, Riemann integration, sequences, infinite series, uniform convergence, and sets and measure on the real axis. The second half, encompassing higher dimensions, examines functions of two variables, plane sets, area, metric and topological spaces, and function spaces. This volume contains much that will prove suitable for students who have not yet completed a first course in calculus, and ample material of interest to more advanced students of analysis as well as graduate students. 12 figures. Bibliography. Index. Errata.Calculus of several variablesCasper GoffmanCurvature and HomologySamuel I. GoldbergThis systematic and self-contained treatment examines the topology of differentiable manifolds, curvature and homology of Riemannian manifolds, compact Lie groups, complex manifolds, and curvature and homology of Kaehler manifolds. It generalizes the theory of Riemann surfaces to that of Riemannian manifolds. Includes four helpful appendixes. "A valuable survey." — Nature. 1962 edition.Curvature and Homology: Revised EditionSamuel I. GoldbergThis systematic and self-contained treatment examines the topology of differentiable manifolds, curvature and homology of Riemannian manifolds, compact Lie groups, complex manifolds, and curvature and homology of Kaehler manifolds. It generalizes the theory of Riemann surfaces to that of Riemannian manifolds. Includes four helpful appendixes. "A valuable survey." — Nature. 1962 edition.Recursive AnalysisR. L. Goodstein, MathematicsRecursive analysis develops natural number computations into a framework appropriate for real numbers. This text is based upon primary recursive arithmetic and presents a unique combination of classical analysis and intuitional analysis. Written by a master in the field, it is suitable for graduate students of mathematics and computer science and can be read without a detailed knowledge of recursive arithmetic.Introductory chapters on recursive convergence and recursive and relative continuity are succeeded by explorations of recursive and relative differentiability, the relative integral, and the elementary functions. A final chapter examines transfinite ordinals, and the text concludes with a helpful appendix of topics related to recursive irrationality and transcendence.Proprietes Generales de l'Equation d'Euler et de GaussEdouard GoursatLectures on forms in many variablesMarvin J GreenbergLectures on forms in many variables (Mathematics lecture note series)Euclidean and Non-Euclidean Geometries: Development and HistoryMarvin J. GreenbergThis is the definitive presentation of the history, development and philosophical significance of non-Euclidean geometry as well as of the rigorous foundations for it and for elementary Euclidean geometry, essentially according to Hilbert. Appropriate for liberal arts students, prospective high school teachers, math. majors, and even bright high school students. The first eight chapters are mostly accessible to any educated reader; the last two chapters and the two appendices contain more advanced material, such as the classification of motions, hyperbolic trigonometry, hyperbolic constructions, classification of Hilbert planes and an introduction to Riemannian geometry.A Singular Introduction to Commutative AlgebraGert-Martin Greuel, Gerhard PfisterThis substantially enlarged second edition aims to lead a further stage in the computational revolution in commutative algebra. This is the first handbook/tutorial to extensively deal with SINGULAR. Among the book’s most distinctive features is a new, completely unified treatment of the global and local theories. Another feature of the book is its breadth of coverage of theoretical topics in the portions of commutative algebra closest to algebraic geometry, with algorithmic treatments of almost every topic.Principles of Algebraic GeometryPhillip Griffiths, Joseph HarrisA comprehensive, self-contained treatment presenting general results of the theory. Establishes a geometric intuition and a working facility with specific geometric practices. Emphasizes applications through the study of interesting examples and the development of computational tools. Coverage ranges from analytic to geometric. Treats basic techniques and results of complex manifold theory, focusing on results applicable to projective varieties, and includes discussion of the theory of Riemann surfaces and algebraic curves, algebraic surfaces and the quadric line complex as well as special topics in complex manifolds.Field Theory and Its Classical ProblemsCharles Robert HadlockField Theory and its Classical Problems lets Galois theory unfold in a natural way, beginning with the geometric construction problems of antiquity, continuing through the construction of regular n-gons and the properties of roots of unity, and then on to the solvability of polynomial equations by radicals and beyond. The logical pathway is historic, but the terminology is consistent with modern treatments. No previous knowledge of algebra is assumed. Notable topics treated along this route include the transcendence of e and π, cyclotomic polynomials, polynomials over the integers, Hilbert's irreducibility theorem, and many other gems in classical mathematics. Historical and bibliographical notes complement the text, and complete solutions are provided to all problems.Naive Set TheoryP. R. HalmosEvery mathematician agrees that every mathematician must know some set theory; the disagreement begins in trying to decide how much is some. This book contains my answer to that question. The purpose of the book is to tell the beginning student of advanced mathematics the basic set­ theoretic facts of life, and to do so with the minimum of philosophical discourse and logical formalism. The point of view throughout is that of a prospective mathematician anxious to study groups, or integrals, or manifolds. From this point of view the concepts and methods of this book are merely some of the standard mathematical tools; the expert specialist will find nothing new here. Scholarly bibliographical credits and references are out of place in a purely expository book such as this one. The student who gets interested in set theory for its own sake should know, however, that there is much more to the subject than there is in this book. One of the most beautiful sources of set-theoretic wisdom is still Hausdorff's Set theory. A recent and highly readable addition to the literature, with an extensive and up-to-date bibliography, is Axiomatic set theory by Suppes.An Introduction to the Theory of NumbersG. H. Hardy, E. M. WrightThis is the fifth edition of a work (first published in 1938) which has become the standard introduction to the subject. The book has grown out of lectures delivered by the authors at Oxford, Cambridge, Aberdeen, and other universities. It is neither a systematic treatise on the theory of numbers nor a 'popular' book for non-mathematical readers. It contains short accounts of the elements of many different sides of the theory, not usually combined in a single volume; and, although it is written for mathematicians, the range of mathematical knowledge presupposed is not greater than that of an intelligent first-year student. In this edition, the main changes are in the notes at the end of each chapter. Sir Edward Wright seeks to provide up-to-date references for the reader who wishes to pursue a particular topic further and to present, both in the notes and in the text, a reasonably accurate account of the present state of knowledge.Rings, Modules and Linear AlgebraB. Hartley, T.O. Hawkesthis is an account of how a certain fundamental algebraic concept can be introduced, developed, and applied to solve some concrete algebraic problems. The book is divided into three parts. The first is concerned with defining concepts and terminology, assembling elementary facts, and developing the theory of factorization in a principal ideal domain. The second part deals with the main decomposition theorems which describe the structure of finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain. The third part contains the applications of these theorems. This book may be of interest to undergraduates taking courses in algebra.Algebraic GeometryRobin HartshorneAn introduction to abstract algebraic geometry, with the only prerequisites being results from commutative algebra, which are stated as needed, and some elementary topology. More than 400 exercises distributed throughout the book offer specific examples as well as more specialised topics not treated in the main text, while three appendices present brief accounts of some areas of current research. This book can thus be used as textbook for an introductory course in algebraic geometry following a basic graduate course in algebra.Robin Hartshorne studied algebraic geometry with Oscar Zariski and David Mumford at Harvard, and with J.-P. Serre and A. Grothendieck in Paris. He is the author of "Residues and Duality", "Foundations of Projective Geometry", "Ample Subvarieties of Algebraic Varieties", and numerous research titles.Number TheoryHelmut HasseFrom the reviews: "...a fine book [...] When it appeared in 1949 it was a pioneer. Now there are plenty of competing accounts. But Hasse has something extra to offer.[...] Hasse proved that miracles do happen in his five beautiful papers on quadratic forms of 1923-1924. [...]It is trite but true: Every number-theorist should have this book on his or her shelf." —Irving Kaplansky in Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, 1981Analysis and LogicC. Ward Henson, José Iovino, Alexander S. Kechris, Edward Odell, Catherine Finet, Christian MichauxThis volume presents articles from four outstanding researchers who work at the cusp of analysis and logic. The emphasis is on active research topics; many results are presented that have not been published before and open problems are formulated. Considerable effort has been made by the authors to make their articles accessible to mathematicians new to the areaFoundations of GeometryDavid HilbertThe Foundations Of GeometryDavid HilbertThis scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.Principles of Mathematical LogicDavid Hilbert, W. Ackermann, Robert E. LuceDavid Hilbert was particularly interested in the foundations of mathematics. Among many other things, he is famous for his attempt to axiomatize mathematics. This now classic text is his treatment of symbolic logic. It lays the groundwork for his later work with Bernays. This translation is based on the second German edition, and has been modified according to the criticisms of Church and Quine. In particular, the authors' original formulation of Gödel's completeness proof for the predicate calculus has been updated. In the first half of the twentieth century, an important debate on the foundations of mathematics took place. Principles of Mathematical Logic represents one of Hilbert's important contributions to that debate. Although symbolic logic has grown considerably in the subsequent decades, this book remains a classic.Introduccion a la Logica MatematicaShirley Hill, Patrick SuppesA Course in Homological AlgebraPeter J. Hilton, Urs StammbachHomological algebra has found a large number of applications in many fields ranging from finite and infinite group theory to representation theory, number theory, algebraic topology and sheaf theory. In the new edition of this broad introduction to the field, the authors address a number of select topics and describe their applications, illustrating the range and depth of their developments. A comprehensive set of exercises is included.Diophantine Geometry: An IntroductionMarc Hindry, Joseph H. SilvermanThis is an introduction to diophantine geometry at the advanced graduate level. The book contains a proof of the Mordell conjecture which will make it quite attractive to graduate students and professional mathematicians. In each part of the book, the reader will find numerous exercises.Structure of Finite AlgebrasDavid Charles Hobby, Ralph McKenzieThe utility of congruence lattices in revealing the structure of general algebras has been recognized since Garrett Birkhoff's pioneering work in the 1930s and 1940s. However, the results presented in this book are of very recent origin: most of them were developed in 1983. The main discovery presented here is that the lattice of congruences of a finite algebra is deeply connected to the structure of that algebra. The theory reveals a sharp division of locally finite varieties of algebras into six interesting new families, each of which is characterized by the behavior of congruences in the algebras. The authors use the theory to derive many new results that will be of interest not only to universal algebraists, but to other algebraists as well.The authors begin with a straightforward and complete development of basic tame congruence theory, a topic that offers great promise for a wide variety of investigations. They then move beyond the consideration of individual algebras to a study of locally finite varieties. A list of open problems closes the work.TopologyJohn G. Hocking, Gail S. Young, MathematicsSuperb one-year course in classical topology. Topological spaces and functions, point-set topology, much more. Examples and problems. Bibliography. Index.Building Models by GamesWilfrid HodgesThis volume presents research by algebraists and model theorists in accessible form for advanced undergraduates or beginning graduate students studying algebra, logic, or model theory. It introduces a general method for building infinite mathematical structures and surveys applications in algebra and model theory. A multi-step procedure, the method resembles a two-player game that continues indefinitely. This approach simplifies, motivates, and unifies a wide range of constructions.Starting with an overview of basic model theory, the text examines a variety of algebraic applications, with detailed analyses of existentially closed groups of class 2. It describes the classical model-theoretic form of this method of construction, which is known as "omitting types," "forcing," or the "Henkin-Orey theorem," The final chapters are more specialized, discussing how the idea can be used to build uncountable structures. Applications include completeness for Magidor-Malitz quantifiers, Shelah's recent and sophisticated omitting types theorem for L(Q), and applications to Boolean algebras and models of arithmetic. More than 160 exercises range from elementary drills to research-related items, with further information and examples.A Shorter Model TheoryWilfrid HodgesThis is an up-to-date textbook of model theory taking the reader from first definitions to Morley's theorem and the elementary parts of stability theory. Besides standard results such as the compactness and omitting types theorems, it also describes various links with algebra, including the Skolem-Tarski method of quantifier elimination, model completeness, automorphism groups and omega-categoricity, ultraproducts, O-minimality and structures of finite Morley rank. The material on back-and-forth equivalences, interpretations and zero-one laws can serve as an introduction to applications of model theory in computer science. Each chapter finishes with a brief commentary on the literature and suggestions for further reading. This book will benefit graduate students with an interest in model theory.A First Course in Discrete Dynamical SystemsRichard HolmgrenGiven the ease with which computers can do iteration it is now possible for almost anyone to generate beautiful images whose roots lie in discrete dynamical systems. Images of Mandelbrot and Julia sets abound in publications both mathematical and not. The mathematics behind the pictures are beautiful in their own right and are the subject of this text. Mathematica programs that illustrate the dynamics are included in an appendix.Meromorphic Functions over non-Archimedean Fields (Mathematics and Its Applications (closed))Pei-Chu Hu, Chung-Chun YangThis book introduces value distribution theory over non-Archimedean fields, starting with a survey of two Nevanlinna-type main theorems and defect relations for meromorphic functions and holomorphic curves. Secondly, it gives applications of the above theory to, e.g., abc-conjecture, Waring's problem, uniqueness theorems for meromorphic functions, and Malmquist-type theorems for differential equations over non-Archimedean fields. Next, iteration theory of rational and entire functions over non-Archimedean fields and Schmidt's subspace theorems are studied. Finally, the book suggests some new problems for further research.Audience: This work will be of interest to graduate students working in complex or diophantine approximation as well as to researchers involved in the fields of analysis, complex function theory of one or several variables, and analytic spaces.Reflection Groups and Coxeter GroupsJames E. HumphreysIn this graduate textbook Professor Humphreys presents a concrete and up-to-date introduction to the theory of Coxeter groups. He assumes that the reader has a good knowledge of algebra, but otherwise the book is self contained. The first part is devoted to establishing concrete examples; the author begins by developing the most important facts about finite reflection groups and related geometry, and showing that such groups have a Coxeter representation. In the next chapter these groups are classified by Coxeter diagrams, and actual realizations of these groups are discussed. Chapter 3 discusses the polynomial invariants of finite reflection groups, and the first part ends with a description of the affine Weyl groups and the way they arise in Lie theory. The second part (which is logically independent of, but motivated by, the first) starts by developing the properties of the Coxeter groups. Chapter 6 shows how earlier examples and others fit into the general classification of Coxeter diagrams. Chapter 7 is based on the very important work of Kazhdan and Lusztig and the last chapter presents a number of miscellaneous topics of a combinatorial nature.AlgebraThomas W. HungerfordFinally a self-contained, one volume, graduate-level algebra text that is readable by the average graduate student and flexible enough to accommodate a wide variety of instructors and course contents. The guiding principle throughout is that the material should be presented as general as possible, consistent with good pedagogy. Therefore it stresses clarity rather than brevity and contains an extraordinarily large number of illustrative exercises.A Classical Introduction to Modern Number TheoryKenneth Ireland, Michael RosenThis well-developed, accessible text details the historical development of the subject throughout. It also provides wide-ranging coverage of significant results with comparatively elementary proofs, some of them new. This second edition contains two new chapters that provide a complete proof of the Mordel-Weil theorem for elliptic curves over the rational numbers and an overview of recent progress on the arithmetic of elliptic curves.Lie AlgebrasNathan Jacobson, MathematicsDefinitive treatment covers split semi-simple Lie algebras, universal enveloping algebras, classification of irreducible modules, automorphisms, simple Lie algebras over an arbitrary field, and more. Classic handbook for researchers and students; useable in graduate courses or for self-study. Reader should have basic knowledge of Galois theory and the Wedderburn structure theory of associative algebras.The Axiom of ChoiceThomas J. JechComprehensive in its selection of topics and results, this self-contained text examines the relative strengths and consequences of the axiom of choice. Each chapter contains several problems, graded according to difficulty, and concludes with some historical remarks.An introduction to the use of the axiom of choice is followed by explorations of consistency, permutation models, and independence. Subsequent chapters examine embedding theorems, models with finite supports, weaker versions of the axiom, and nontransferable statements. The final sections consider mathematics without choice, cardinal numbers in set theory without choice, and properties that contradict the axiom of choice, including the axiom of determinacy and related topicsModel Theoretic Algebra With Particular Emphasis on Fields, Rings, ModulesChristian. U Jensen, Helmt LenzingThis volume highlights the links between model theory and algebra. The work contains a definitive account of algebraically compact modules, a topic of central importance for both module and model theory. Using concrete examples, particular emphasis is given to model theoretic concepts, such as axiomizability. Pure mathematicians, especially algebraists, ring theorists, logicians, model theorists and representation theorists, should find this an absorbing and stimulating book.Elementary Number TheoryGareth A. Jones, Josephine M. JonesAn undergraduate-level introduction to number theory, with the emphasis on fully explained proofs and examples. Exercises, together with their solutions are integrated into the text, and the first few chapters assume only basic school algebra. Elementary ideas about groups and rings are then used to study groups of units, quadratic residues and arithmetic functions with applications to enumeration and cryptography. The final part, suitable for third-year students, uses ideas from algebra, analysis, calculus and geometry to study Dirichlet series and sums of squares. In particular, the last chapter gives a concise account of Fermat's Last Theorem, from its origin in the ancient Babylonian and Greek study of Pythagorean triples to its recent proof by Andrew Wiles.Introduction to metamathematicsStephen Cole KleeneMathematical LogicStephen Cole KleeneUndergraduate students with no prior classroom instruction in mathematical logic will benefit from this evenhanded multipart text. It begins with an elementary but thorough overview of mathematical logic of first order. The treatment extends beyond a single method of formulating logic to offer instruction in a variety of techniques: model theory (truth tables), Hilbert-type proof theory, and proof theory handled through derived rules.The second part supplements the previously discussed material and introduces some of the newer ideas and the more profound results of twentieth-century logical research. Subsequent chapters explore the study of formal number theory, with surveys of the famous incompleteness and undecidability results of Godel, Church, Turing, and others. The emphasis in the final chapter reverts to logic, with examinations of Godel's completeness theorem, Gentzen's theorem, Skolem's paradox and nonstandard models of arithmetic, and other theorems. The author, Stephen Cole Kleene, was Cyrus C. MacDuffee Professor of Mathematics at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Preface. Bibliography. Theorem and Lemma Numbers: Pages. List of Postulates. Symbols and Notations. Index.Number Theory: Algebraic Numbers and FunctionsHelmut KochAlgebraic number theory is one of the most refined creations in mathematics. It has been developed by some of the leading mathematicians of this and previous centuries. The primary goal of this book is to present the essential elements of algebraic number theory, including the theory of normal extensions up through a glimpse of class field theory. Following the example set for us by Kronecker, Weber, Hilbert and Artin, algebraic functions are handled here on an equal footing with algebraic numbers. This is done on the one hand to demonstrate the analogy between number fields and function fields, which is especially clear in the case where the ground field is a finite field. On the other hand, in this way one obtains an introduction to the theory of "higher congruences" as an important element of "arithmetic geometry". Early chapters discuss topics in elementary number theory, such as Minkowski's geometry of numbers, public-key cryptography and a short proof of the Prime Number Theorem, following Newman and Zagier. Next, some of the tools of algebraic number theory are introduced, such as ideals, discriminants and valuations. These results are then applied to obtain results about function fields, including a proof of the Riemann-Roch Theorem and, as an application of cyclotomic fields, a proof of the first case of Fermat's Last Theorem. There are a detailed exposition of the theory of Hecke $L$-series, following Tate, and explicit applications to number theory, such as the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis. Chapter 9 brings together the earlier material through the study of quadratic number fields. Finally, Chapter 10 gives an introduction to class field theory.Elements of the Theory of Functions and Functional AnalysisA. N. Kolmogorov, S. V. FominBased on the authors' courses and lectures, this two-part advanced-level text is now available in a single volume. Topics include metric and normed spaces, continuous curves in metric spaces, measure theory, Lebesque intervals, Hilbert space, and more. Each section contains exercises. Lists of symbols, definitions, and theorems. 1957 edition.Mathematical Handbook for Scientists and Engineers: Definitions, Theorems, and Formulas for Reference and ReviewGranino A. Korn, Theresa M. KornA reliable source of definitions, theorems, and formulas, this authoritative handbook provides convenient access to information from every area of mathematics. Coverage includes Fourier transforms, Z transforms, linear and nonlinear programming, calculus of variations, random-process theory, special functions, combinatorial analysis, numerical methods, game theory, and much more.AN INTRODUCTION TO LINEAR ANALYSISOstberg and Perkins and Kreider and KullerSet Theory An Introduction To Independence ProofsKenneth KunenMany branches of abstract mathematics have been affected by the modern independence proofs in set theory. This book provides an introduction to relative consistency proofs in axiomatic set theory, and is intended to be used as a text in beginning graduate courses in that subject. It is hoped that this treatment will make the subject accessible to those mathematicians whose research is sensitive to axiomatics. The readers should have had the equivalent of an undergraduate course on cardinals and ordinals, but no specific training in logic is necessary. The volume includes a discussion of modern techniques in forcing, as well as coverage of infinitary combinatorics and its relevance to independence proofs. The work also features a lucid treatment of basic facts about constructibility.Introduction to Plane Algebraic CurvesErnst Kunz* Employs proven conception of teaching topics in commutative algebra through a focus on their applications to algebraic geometry, a significant departure from other works on plane algebraic curves in which the topological-analytic aspects are stressed*Requires only a basic knowledge of algebra, with all necessary algebraic facts collected into several appendices* Studies algebraic curves over an algebraically closed field K and those of prime characteristic, which can be applied to coding theory and cryptography* Covers filtered algebras, the associated graded rings and Rees rings to deduce basic facts about intersection theory of plane curves, applications of which are standard tools of computer algebra* Examples, exercises, figures and suggestions for further study round out this fairly self-contained textbookTables numeriques de fonctions elementaires: Puissances, racines, exponentielles, logarithmes, fonctions hyperboliques et trigonometriques avec ... des differences tabulairesJean Marcel LabordeAlgèbre linéaire t. 1S. LangAlgèbre linéaire t. 2S. LangAlgebraSerge LangAlgebraSerge LangThis book is intended as a basic text for a one year course in algebra at the graduate level or as a useful reference for mathematicians and professionals who use higher-level algebra. This book successfully addresses all of the basic concepts of algebra. For the new edition, the author has added exercises and made numerous corrections to the text. From MathSciNet's review of the first edition: "The author has an impressive knack for presenting the important and interesting ideas of algebra in just the "right" way, and he never gets bogged down in the dry formalism which pervades some parts of algebra."Introduction to Diophantine Approximations: New Expanded EditionSerge LangThe aim of this book is to illustrate by significant special examples three aspects of the theory of Diophantine approximations: the formal relationships that exist between counting processes and the functions entering the theory; the determination of these functions for numbers given as classical numbers; and certain asymptotic estimates holding almost everywhere.Each chapter works out a special case of a much broader general theory, as yet unknown. Indications for this are given throughout the book, together with reference to current publications. The book may be used in a course in number theory, whose students will thus be put in contact with interesting but accessible problems on the ground floor of mathematics.Number Theory III: Diophantine GeometrySerge LangFrom the reviews: "Between number theory and geometry there have been several stimulating influences, and this book records of these enterprises. This author, who has been at the centre of such research for many years, is one of the best guides a reader can hope for. The book is full of beautiful results, open questions, stimulating conjectures and suggestions where to look for future developments. This volume bears witness of the braod scope of knowledge of the author, and the influence of several people who have commented on the manuscript before publication... Although in the series of number theory, this volume is on diophantine geometry, the reader will notice that algebraic geometry is present in every chapter. ...The style of the book is clear. Ideas are well explained, and the author helps the reader to pass by several technicalities.Mededelingen van het wiskundig genootschapTopics in Nevanlinna TheorySerge Lang, William CherryThese are notes of lectures on Nevanlinna theory, in the classical case of meromorphic functions, and the generalization by Carlson-Griffith to equidimensional holomorphic maps using as domain space finite coverings of C resp. Cn. Conjecturally best possible error terms are obtained following a method of Ahlfors and Wong. This is especially significant when obtaining uniformity for the error term w.r.t. coverings, since the analytic yields case a strong version of Vojta's conjectures in the number-theoretic case involving the theory of heights. The counting function for the ramified locus in the analytic case is the analogue of the normalized logarithmetic discriminant in the number-theoretic case, and is seen to occur with the expected coefficient 1. The error terms are given involving an approximating function (type function) similar to the probabilistic type function of Khitchine in number theory. The leisurely exposition allows readers with no background in Nevanlinna Theory to approach some of the basic remaining problems around the error term. It may be used as a continuation of a graduate course in complex analysis, also leading into complex differential geometry.GeometrySerge/ Murrow, Gene LangLogique Mathématique, Cours Et Exercices: Vol 1R. Cori, D. LascarComplex numbersWalter LedermannTHE purpose of this book is to prescnt a straightforward introduction to complex numbers and their properties. Complex numbers, like other kinds of numbers, are essen­ tially objects with which to perform calculations a:cording to certain rules, and when this principle is borne in mind, the nature of complex numbers is no more mysterious than that of the more familiar types of numbers. This formal approach has recently been recommended in a Reportt prepared for the Mathematical Association. We believe that it has distinct advantages in teaching and that it is more in line with modern algebraical ideas than the alternative geometrical or kinematical definitions of v -1 that used to be proposed. On the other hand, an elementary textbook is clearly not the place to enter into a full discussion of such questions as logical consistency, which would have to be included in a rigorous axiomatic treatment. However, the steps that had to be omitted (with due warning) can easily be filled in by the methods of abstract algebra, which do not conflict with the 'naive' attitude adopted here. I should like to thank my friend and colleague Dr. J. A. Green for a number of valuable suggestions, especially in connection with the chapter on convergence, which is a sequel to his volume Sequences and Series in this Library.Integral CalculusWalter LedermannFundamentals of Number TheoryWilliam J. LeVequeThis excellent textbook introduces the basics of number theory, incorporating the language of abstract algebra. A knowledge of such algebraic concepts as group, ring, field, and domain is not assumed, however; all terms are defined and examples are given — making the book self-contained in this respect.The author begins with an introductory chapter on number theory and its early history. Subsequent chapters deal with unique factorization and the GCD, quadratic residues, number-theoretic functions and the distribution of primes, sums of squares, quadratic equations and quadratic fields, diophantine approximation, and more. Included are discussions of topics not always found in introductory texts: factorization and primality of large integers, p-adic numbers, algebraic number fields, Brun's theorem on twin primes, and the transcendence of e, to mention a few.Readers will find a substantial number of well-chosen problems, along with many notes and bibliographical references selected for readability and relevance. Five helpful appendixes — containing such study aids as a factor table, computer-plotted graphs, a table of indices, the Greek alphabet, and a list of symbols — and a bibliography round out this well-written text, which is directed toward undergraduate majors and beginning graduate students in mathematics. No post-calculus prerequisite is assumed. 1977 edition.Topics in Number Theory, Volumes I and IIWilliam J. LeVeque, MathematicsClassic two-part work now available in a single volume assumes no prior theoretical knowledge on reader's part and develops the subject fully. Volume I is a suitable first course text for advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students. Volume II requires a much higher level of mathematical maturity, including a working knowledge of the theory of analytic functions. Contents range from chapters on binary quadratic forms to the Thue-Siegel-Roth Theorem and the Prime Number Theorem. Includes numerous problems and hints for their solutions. 1956 edition. Supplementary Reading. List of Symbols. Index.Elliptic Curves, Modular Forms, and Their L-functionsÁlvaro Lozano-RobledoMany problems in number theory have simple statements, but their solutions require a deep understanding of algebra, algebraic geometry, complex analysis, group representations, or a combination of all four. The original simply stated problem can be obscured in the depth of the theory developed to understand it. This book is an introduction to some of these problems, and an overview of the theories used nowadays to attack them, presented so that the number theory is always at the forefront of the discussion. Lozano-Robledo gives an introductory survey of elliptic curves, modular forms, and $L$-functions. His main goal is to provide the reader with the big picture of the surprising connections among these three families of mathematical objects and their meaning for number theory. As a case in point, Lozano-Robledo explains the modularity theorem and its famous consequence, Fermat's Last Theorem. He also discusses the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture and other modern conjectures. The book begins with some motivating problems and includes numerous concrete examples throughout the text, often involving actual numbers, such as 3, 4, 5, $\frac{3344161}{747348}$, and $\frac{2244035177043369699245575130906674863160948472041} {8912332268928859588025535178967163570016480830}$. The theories of elliptic curves, modular forms, and $L$-functions are too vast to be covered in a single volume, and their proofs are outside the scope of the undergraduate curriculum. However, the primary objects of study, the statements of the main theorems, and their corollaries are within the grasp of advanced undergraduates. This book concentrates on motivating the definitions, explaining the statements of the theorems and conjectures, making connections, and providing lots of examples, rather than dwelling on the hard proofs. The book succeeds if, after reading the text, students feel compelled to study elliptic curves and modular forms in all their glory.Algèbre linéaire et géometrie classiques: ExercicesMalliavinIntegration et probabilites: Analyse de Fourier et analyse spectralePaul MalliavinA Course in Mathematical LogicYu.I. ManinThis book is a text of mathematical logic on a sophisticated level, presenting the reader with several of the most significant discoveries of the last 10 to 15 years, including the independence of the continuum hypothesis, the Diophantine nature of enumerable sets and the impossibility of finding an algorithmic solution for certain problems. The book contains the first textbook presentation of Matijasevic's result. The central notions are provability and computability; the emphasis of the presentation is on aspects of the theory which are of interest to the working mathematician. Many of the approaches and topics covered are not standard parts of logic courses; they include a discussion of the logic of quantum mechanics, Goedel's constructible sets as a sub-class of von Neumann's universe, the Kolmogorov theory of complexity. Feferman's theorem on Goedel formulas as axioms and Highman's theorem on groups defined by enumerable sets of generators and relations. A number of informal digressions concerned with psychology, linguistics, and common sense logic should interest students of the philosophy of science or the humanities.Model Theory: An IntroductionDavid MarkerAssumes only a familiarity with algebra at the beginning graduate level; Stresses applications to algebra; Illustrates several of the ways Model Theory can be a useful tool in analyzing classical mathematical structuresDiophantine Equations over Function FieldsR. C. MasonDiophantine equations over number fields have formed one of the most important and fruitful areas of mathematics throughout civilisation. In recent years increasing interest has been aroused in the analogous area of equations over function fields. However, although considerable progress has been made by previous authors, none has attempted the central problem of providing methods for the actual solution of such equations. The latter is the purpose and achievement of this volume: algorithms are provided for the complete resolution of various families of equations, such as those of Thue, hyperelliptic and genus one type. The results are achieved by means of an original fundamental inequality, first announced by the author in 1982. Several specific examples are included as illustrations of the general method and as a testimony to its efficiency. Furthermore, bounds are obtained on the solutions which improve on those obtained previously by other means. Extending the equality to a different setting, namely that of positive characteristic, enables the various families of equations to be resolved in that circumstance. Finally, by applying the inequality in a different manner, simple bounds are determined on their solutions in rational functions of the general superelliptic equation. This book represents a self-contained account of a new approach to the subject, and one which plainly has not reached the full extent of its application. It also provides a more direct on the problems than any previous book. Little expert knowledge is required to follow the theory presented, and it will appeal to professional mathematicians, research students and the enthusiastic undergraduate.Commutative Ring TheoryH. MatsumuraIn addition to being an interesting and profound subject in its own right, commutative ring theory is important as a foundation for algebraic geometry and complex analytical geometry. Matsumura covers the basic material, including dimension theory, depth, Cohen-Macaulay rings, Gorenstein rings, Krull rings and valuation rings. More advanced topics such as Ratliff's theorems on chains of prime ideals are also explored. The work is essentially self-contained, the only prerequisite being a sound knowledge of modern algebra, yet the reader is taken to the frontiers of the subject. Exercises are provided at the end of each section and solutions or hints to some of them are given at the end of the book.Symmetry: An Introduction to Group Theory and Its ApplicationsRoy McWeeny, PhysicsThis well-organized volume develops the elementary ideas of both group theory and representation theory in a progressive and thorough fashion. Designed to allow students to focus on any of the main fields of application, it is geared toward advanced undergraduate and graduate physics and chemistry students. 1963 edition. Appendices.Elliptic CurvesJ. S. MilneThis book uses the beautiful theory of elliptic curves to introduce the reader to some of the deeper aspects of number theory. It assumes only a knowledge of the basic algebra, complex analysis, and topology usually taught in advanced undergraduate or first-year graduate courses.ReviewsIndeed, the book is affordable (in fact, the most affordable of all references on the subject), but also a high quality work and a complete introduction to the rich theory of the arithmetic of elliptic curves, with numerous examples and exercises for the reader, many interesting remarks and an updated bibliography.Mathematical Reviews, Álvaro Lozano-RobledoJ. S. Milne's lecture notes on elliptic curves are already well-known … The book under review is a rewritten version of just these famous lecture notes from 1996, which appear here as a compact and inexpensive paperback that is now available worldwide.Zentralblatt MATH, Werner KleinertElementary Induction on Abstract StructuresYiannis N. MoschovakisHailed by the Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society as "easy to use and a pleasure to read," this research monograph is recommended for students and professionals interested in model theory and definability theory. The sole prerequisite is a familiarity with the basics of logic, model theory, and set theory.The author, Professor of Mathematics at UCLA and Emeritus Professor of Mathematics,University of Athens, Greece, begins with a focus on the theory of inductive and hyperelementary sets. Subsequent chapters advance to acceptable structures and countable acceptable structures, concluding with the main result of the Barwise-Gandy-Moschovakis theory, which is the key to many applications of  abstract recursion theory. Exercises at the end of each chapter form an integral part of the text, offering examples useful to the development of the general theory and outlining the theory's extensions.Problems in Algebraic Number TheoryM. Ram Murty, Jody (Indigo) EsmondeThe problems are systematically arranged to reveal the evolution of concepts and ideas of the subjectIncludes various levels of problems - some are easy and straightforward, while others are more challengingAll problems are elegantly solvedDiophantine ApproximationsIvan NivenThis self-contained treatment originated as a series of lectures delivered to the Mathematical Association of America. It covers basic results on homogeneous approximation of real numbers; the analogue for complex numbers; basic results for nonhomogeneous approximation in the real case; the analogue for complex numbers; and fundamental properties of the multiples of an irrational number, for both the fractional and integral parts.The author refrains from the use of continuous fractions and includes basic results in the complex case, a feature often neglected in favor of the real number discussion. Each chapter concludes with a bibliographic account of closely related work; these sections also contain the sources from which the proofs are drawn.Introduction to Quadratic FormsTimothy O. O'MearaFrom the reviews: "Anyone who has heard O'Meara lecture will recognize in every page of this book the crispness and lucidity of the author's style. [...] The organization and selection of material is superb. [...] deserves high praise as an excellent example of that too-rare type of mathematical exposition combining conciseness with clarity." Bulletin of the AMSCombinatorial Optimization: Algorithms and ComplexityChristos H. Papadimitriou, Kenneth SteiglitzThis clearly written, mathematically rigorous text includes a novel algorithmic exposition of the simplex method and also discusses the Soviet ellipsoid algorithm for linear programming; efficient algorithms for network flow, matching, spanning trees, and matroids; the theory of NP-complete problems; approximation algorithms, local search heuristics for NP-complete problems, more. All chapters are supplemented by thought-provoking problems. A useful work for graduate-level students with backgrounds in computer science, operations research, and electrical engineering. "Mathematicians wishing a self-contained introduction need look no further." — American Mathematical Monthly.Computational ComplexityChristos H. PapadimitriouThis text offers a comprehensive and accessible treatment of the theory of algorithms and complexity - the elegant body of concepts and methods developed by computer scientists over the past 30 years for studying the performance and limitations of computer algorithms. Among topics covered are: reductions and NP-completeness, cryptography and protocols, randomized algorithms, and approximability of optimization problems, circuit complexity, the "structural" aspects of the P=NP question, parallel computation, the polynomial hierarchy, and many others. Several sophisticated and recent results are presented in a rather simple way, while many more are developed in the form of extensive notes, problems, and hints. The book is surprisingly self-contained, in that it develops all necessary mathematical prerequisites from such diverse fields as computability, logic, number theory, combinatorics and probability.DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONSH. T. H. PIAGGIOAn Introduction to Stability TheoryAnand Pillay, MathematicsThis introductory treatment covers the basic concepts and machinery of stability theory. Lemmas, corollaries, proofs, and notes assist readers in working through and understanding the material and applications. Full of examples, theorems, propositions, and problems, it is suitable for graduate students in logic and mathematics, professional mathematicians, and computer scientists. Chapter 1 introduces the notions of definable type, heir, and coheir. A discussion of stability and order follows, along with definitions of forking that follow the approach of Lascar and Poizat, plus a consideration of forking and the definability of types. Subsequent chapters examine superstability, dividing and ranks, the relation between types and sets of indiscernibles, and further properties of stable theories. The text concludes with proofs of the theorems of Morley and Baldwin-Lachlan and an extension of dimension theory that incorporates orthogonality of types in addition to regular types.A Book of Abstract Algebra: Second EditionCharles C PinterAccessible but rigorous, this outstanding text encompasses all of the topics covered by a typical course in elementary abstract algebra. Its easy-to-read treatment offers an intuitive approach, featuring informal discussions followed by thematically arranged exercises. Intended for undergraduate courses in abstract algebra, it is suitable for junior- and senior-level math majors and future math teachers. This second edition features additional exercises to improve student familiarity with applications.An introductory chapter traces concepts of abstract algebra from their historical roots. Succeeding chapters avoid the conventional format of definition-theorem-proof-corollary-example; instead, they take the form of a discussion with students, focusing on explanations and offering motivation. Each chapter rests upon a central theme, usually a specific application or use. The author provides elementary background as needed and discusses standard topics in their usual order. He introduces many advanced and peripheral subjects in the plentiful exercises, which are accompanied by ample instruction and commentary and offer a wide range of experiences to students at different levels of ability.A Course in Model Theory: An Introduction to Contemporary Mathematical LogicBruno PoizatTranslated from the French, this book is an introduction to first-order model theory. Starting from scratch, it quickly reaches the essentials, namely, the back-and-forth method and compactness, which are illustrated with examples taken from algebra. It also introduces logic via the study of the models of arithmetic, and it gives complete but accessible exposition of stability theory.How to Solve It: A New Aspect of Mathematical MethodG. PolyaA perennial bestseller by eminent mathematician G. Polya, How to Solve It will show anyone in any field how to think straight. In lucid and appealing prose, Polya reveals how the mathematical method of demonstrating a proof or finding an unknown can be of help in attacking any problem that can be "reasoned" out—from building a bridge to winning a game of anagrams. Generations of readers have relished Polya's deft—indeed, brilliant—instructions on stripping away irrelevancies and going straight to the heart of the problem.Foundations of Galois TheoryM. M. PostnikovWritten by a prominent mathematician, this text offers advanced undergraduate and graduate students a virtually self-contained treatment of the basics of Galois theory. The source of modern abstract algebra and one of abstract algebra's most concrete applications, Galois theory serves as an excellent introduction to group theory and provides a strong, historically relevant motivation for the introduction of the basics of abstract algebra.This two-part treatment begins with the elements of Galois theory, focusing on related concepts from field theory, including the structure of important types of extensions and the field of algebraic numbers. A consideration of relevant facts from group theory leads to a survey of Galois theory, with discussions of normal extensions, the order and correspondence of the Galois group, and Galois groups of a normal subfield and of two fields. The second part explores the solution of equations by radicals, returning to the general theory of groups for relevant facts, examining equations solvable by radicals and their construction, and concluding with the unsolvability by radicals of the general equation of degree n ≥ 5.Set Theory and Its Philosophy: A Critical IntroductionMichael PotterMichael Potter presents a comprehensive new philosophical introduction to set theory. Anyone wishing to work on the logical foundations of mathematics must understand set theory, which lies at its heart. What makes the book unique is that it interweaves a careful presentation of the technical material with a penetrating philosophical critique. Potter does not merely expound the theory dogmatically but at every stage discusses in detail the reasons that can be offered for believing it to be true. Set Theory and its Philosophy is a key text for philosophy, mathematical logic, and computer science.Classical Topics in Complex Function TheoryReinhold RemmertAn ideal text for an advanced course in the theory of complex functions, this book leads readers to experience function theory personally and to participate in the work of the creative mathematician. The author includes numerous glimpses of the function theory of several complex variables, which illustrate how autonomous this discipline has become. In addition to standard topics, readers will find Eisenstein's proof of Euler's product formula for the sine function; Wielandts uniqueness theorem for the gamma function; Stirlings formula; Isssas theorem; Besses proof that all domains in C are domains of holomorphy; Wedderburns lemma and the ideal theory of rings of holomorphic functions; Estermanns proofs of the overconvergence theorem and Blochs theorem; a holomorphic imbedding of the unit disc in C3; and Gausss expert opinion on Riemanns dissertation. Remmert elegantly presents the material in short clear sections, with compact proofs and historical comments interwoven throughout the text. The abundance of examples, exercises, and historical remarks, as well as the extensive bibliography, combine to make an invaluable source for students and teachers alikeA Course in p-adic AnalysisAlain M. RobertDiscovered at the turn of the 20th century, p-adic numbers are frequently used by mathematicians and physicists. This text is a self-contained presentation of basic p-adic analysis with a focus on analytic topics. It offers many features rarely treated in introductory p-adic texts such as topological models of p-adic spaces inside Euclidian space, a special case of Hazewinkel’s functional equation lemma, and a treatment of analytic elements.Elementary GeometryJohn RoeThe geometry of two and three dimensional space has long been studied for its own sake, but its results also underlie modern developments in fields as diverse as linear algebra, quantum physics, and number theory. This text is a careful introduction to Euclidean geometry that emphasizes its connections with other subjects. Glimpses of more advanced topics in pure mathematics are balanced by a straightforward treatment of the geometry needed for mechanics and classical applied mathematics. The exposition is based on vector methods; an introductory chapter relates these methods to the more classical axiomatic approach. The text is suitable for undergraduate courses in geometry and will be useful supplementary reading for students of mechanics and mathematical methods.Lattices over ordersKlaus W RoggenkampField TheorySteven Roman"Springer has just released the second edition of Steven Roman’s Field Theory, and it continues to be one of the best graduate-level introductions to the subject out there....Every section of the book has a number of good exercises that would make this book excellent to use either as a textbook or to learn the material on your own. All in all...a well-written expository account of a very exciting area in mathematics." —THE MAA MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES DIGITAL LIBRARYAnalytic Theory of Elliptic Functions Over Local FieldsPeter RoquetteA Course on Group TheoryJohn S. RoseThis textbook for advanced courses in group theory focuses on finite groups, with emphasis on the idea of group actions. Early chapters summarize presupposed facts, identify important themes, and establish the notation used throughout the book. Subsequent chapters explore the normal and arithmetical structures of groups as well as applications.Topics include the normal structure of groups: subgroups; homomorphisms and quotients; series; direct products and the structure of finitely generated Abelian groups; and group action on groups. Additional subjects range from the arithmetical structure of groups to classical notions of transfer and splitting by means of group action arguments. More than 675 exercises, many accompanied by hints, illustrate and extend the material.Number Theory in Function FieldsMichael RosenEarly in the development of number theory, it was noticed that the ring of integers has many properties in common with the ring of polynomials over a finite field. The first part of this book illustrates this relationship by presenting analogues of various theorems. The later chapters probe the analogy between global function fields and algebraic number fields. Topics include the ABC-conjecture, Brumer-Stark conjecture, and Drinfeld modules.Introduction to Model TheoryPhilipp RothmalerModel theory investigates mathematical structures by means of formal languages. So-called first-order languages have proved particularly useful in this respect.This text introduces the model theory of first-order logic, avoiding syntactical issues not too relevant to model theory. In this spirit, the compactness theorem is proved via the algebraically useful ultrsproduct technique (rather than via the completeness theorem of first-order logic). This leads fairly quickly to algebraic applications, like Malcev's local theorems of group theory and, after a little more preparation, to Hilbert's Nullstellensatz of field theory.Steinitz dimension theory for field extensions is obtained as a special case of a much more general model-theoretic treatment of strongly minimal theories. There is a final chapter on the models of the first-order theory of the integers as an abelian group. Both these topics appear here for the first time in a textbook at the introductory level, and are used to give hints to further reading and to recent developments in the field, such as stability (or classification) theory.An Introduction to the Theory of GroupsJoseph RotmanAnyone who has studied abstract algebra and linear algebra as an undergraduate can understand this book. The first six chapters provide material for a first course, while the rest of the book covers more advanced topics. This revised edition retains the clarity of presentation that was the hallmark of the previous editions.From the reviews:"Rotman has given us a very readable and valuable text, and has shown us many beautiful vistas along his chosen route." —MATHEMATICAL REVIEWSNevanlinna Theory and Its Relation to Diophantine ApproximationMin RuIt was discovered recently that Nevanlinna theory and Diophantine approximation bear striking similarities and connections. This book provides an introduction to both Nevanlinna theory and Diophantine approximation, with emphasis on the analogy between these two subjects. Each chapter is divided into part A and part B. Part A deals with Nevanlinna theory and part B covers Diophantine approximation. At the end of each chapter, a table is provided to indicate the correspondence of theorems.Entire and Meromorphic FunctionsLee A. RubelThis book is an introduction to the theory of entire and meromorphic functions intended for advanced graduate students in mathematics and for professional mathematicians. The book provides a clear treatment of the Nevanlinna theory of value distribution of meromorphic functions, and presentation of the Rubel-Taylor Fourier Series method for meromorphic functions and the Miles theorem on efficient quotient representation. It has a concise but complete treatment of the Polya theory of the Borel transform and the conjugate indicator diagram. It contains some of Buck's results on integer-valued entire functions, and closes with the Malliavin-Rubel uniqueness theorem. The approach gets to the heart of the matter without excessive scholarly detours. It prepares the reader for further study of the vast literature on the subject, which is one of the cornerstones of complex analysis.Algebraic StructuresLang SAlgebraic Theory of Numbers: Translated from the French by Allan J. SilbergerPierre SamuelAlgebraic number theory introduces students not only to new algebraic notions but also to related concepts: groups, rings, fields, ideals, quotient rings and quotient fields, homomorphisms and isomorphisms, modules, and vector spaces. Author Pierre Samuel notes that students benefit from their studies of algebraic number theory by encountering many concepts fundamental to other branches of mathematics—algebraic geometry, in particular.This book assumes a knowledge of basic algebra but supplements its teachings with brief, clear explanations of integrality, algebraic extensions of fields, Galois theory, Noetherian rings and modules, and rings of fractions. It covers the basics, starting with the divisibility theory in principal ideal domains and ending with the unit theorem, finiteness of the class number, and the more elementary theorems of Hilbert ramification theory. Numerous examples, applications, and exercises appear throughout the text.Diophantine Approximations and Diophantine EquationsWolfgang M. SchmidtThis book by a leading researcher and masterly expositor of the subject studies diophantine approximations to algebraic numbers and their applications to diophantine equations. The methods are classical, and the results stressed can be obtained without much background in algebraic geometry. In particular, Thue equations, norm form equations and S-unit equations, with emphasis on recent explicit bounds on the number of solutions, are included. The book will be useful for graduate students and researchers. (L'Enseignement Mathematique) "The rich Bibliography includes more than hundred references. The book is easy to read, it may be a useful piece of reading not only for experts but for students as well" Acta Scientiarum MathematicarumA Course in ArithmeticJ-P. SerreA modern introduction to three areas of number theory: quadratic forms, Dirichlet's density theorem and modular forms. "... Accessible to graduate or even undergraduate students, yet even the advanced mathematician will enjoy reading it." - American Scientist.Algebraic Groups and Class FieldsJean-Pierre SerreTranslation of the French EditionLinear Representations of Finite GroupsJean-Pierre SerreThis book consists of three parts, rather different in level and purpose. The first part was originally written for quantum chemists. It describes the correspondence, due to Frobenius, between linear representations and characters. The second part is a course given in 1966 to second-year students of l’Ecole Normale. It completes in a certain sense the first part. The third part is an introduction to Brauer Theory.Topics in Galois Theory, Second EditionJean-Pierre SerreThis book is based on a course given by the author at Harvard University in the fall semester of 1988. The course focused on the inverse problem of Galois Theory: the construction of field extensions having a given finite group as Galois group. In the first part of the book, classical methods and results, such as the Scholz and Reichardt construction for p-groups, p != 2, as well as Hilbert's irreducibility theorem and the large sieve inequality, are presented. The second half is devoted to rationality and rigidity criteria and their application in realizing certain groups as Galois groups of regular extensions of Q(T). While proofs are not carried out in full detail, the book contains a number of examples, exercises, and open problems.TreesJean-Pierre SerreThe seminal ideas of this book played a key role in the development of group theory since the 70s. Several generations of mathematicians learned geometric ideas in group theory from this book. In it, the author proves the fundamental theorem for the special cases of free groups and tree products before dealing with the proof of the general case. This new edition is ideal for graduate students and researchers in algebra, geometry and topology.Hilbert's Tenth Problem: Diophantine Classes and Extensions to Global FieldsAlexandra ShlapentokhIn the late sixties Matiyasevich, building on the work of Davis, Putnam and Robinson, showed that there was no algorithm to determine whether a polynomial equation in several variables and with integer coefficients has integer solutions. Hilbert gave finding such an algorithm as problem number ten on a list he presented at an international congress of mathematicians in 1900. Thus the problem, which has become known as Hilbert's Tenth Problem, was shown to be unsolvable. This book presents an account of results extending Hilbert's Tenth Problem to integrally closed subrings of global fields including, in the function field case, the fields themselves. While written from the point of view of Algebraic Number Theory, the book includes chapters on Mazur's conjectures on topology of rational points and Poonen's elliptic curve method for constructing a Diophatine model of rational integers over a 'very large' subring of the field of rational numbers.Mathematical LogicJoseph R. ShoenfieldThis classic introduction to the main areas of mathematical logic provides the basis for a first graduate course in the subject. It embodies the viewpoint that mathematical logic is not a collection of vaguely related results, but a coherent method of attacking some of the most interesting problems, which face the mathematician. The author presents the basic concepts in an unusually clear and accessible fashion, concentrating on what he views as the central topics of mathematical logic: proof theory, model theory, recursion theory, axiomatic number theory, and set theory. There are many exercises, and they provide the outline of what amounts to a second book that goes into all topics in more depth. This book has played a role in the education of many mature and accomplished researchers.Advanced Topics in the Arithmetic of Elliptic CurvesJoseph H. SilvermanIn The Arithmetic of Elliptic Curves, the author presented the basic theory culminating in two fundamental global results, the Mordell-Weil theorem on the finite generation of the group of rational points and Siegel's theorem on the finiteness of the set of integral points. This book continues the study of elliptic curves by presenting six important, but somewhat more specialized topics: I. Elliptic and modular functions for the full modular group. II. Elliptic curves with complex multiplication. III. Elliptic surfaces and specialization theorems. IV. Néron models, Kodaira-N ron classification of special fibres, Tate's algorithm, and Ogg's conductor-discriminant formula. V. Tate's theory of q-curves over p-adic fields. VI. Néron's theory of canonical local height functions.The Arithmetic of Dynamical SystemsJoseph H. SilvermanThis book provides an introduction to the relatively new discipline of arithmetic dynamics. Whereas classical discrete dynamics is the study of iteration of self-maps of the complex plane or real line, arithmetic dynamics is the study of the number-theoretic properties of rational and algebraic points under repeated application of a polynomial or rational function. A principal theme of arithmetic dynamics is that many of the fundamental problems in the theory of Diophantine equations have dynamical analogs.This graduate-level text provides an entry for students into an active field of research and serves as a standard reference for researchers.The Arithmetic of Elliptic CurvesJoseph H. SilvermanThe theory of elliptic curves is distinguished by its long history and by the diversity of the methods that have been used in its study. This book treats the arithmetic theory of elliptic curves in its modern formulation, through the use of basic algebraic number theory and algebraic geometry. The book begins with a brief discussion of the necessary algebro-geometric results, and proceeds with an exposition of the geometry of elliptic curves, the formal group of an elliptic curve, elliptic curves over finite fields, the complex numbers, local fields, and global fields. The last two chapters deal with integral and rational points, including Siegel's theorem and explicit computations for the curve Y^2 = X^3 + DX. The book contains three appendices: Elliptic Curves in Characteristics 2 and 3, Group Cohomology, and a third appendix giving an overview of more advanced topics.Rational Points on Elliptic CurvesJoseph H. Silverman, John TateThe theory of elliptic curves involves a blend of algebra, geometry, analysis, and number theory. This book stresses this interplay as it develops the basic theory, providing an opportunity for readers to appreciate the unity of modern mathematics. The book’s accessibility, the informal writing style, and a wealth of exercises make it an ideal introduction for those interested in learning about Diophantine equations and arithmetic geometry.Introducing Pure MathematicsRobert SmedleyA new edition updated to meet the needs of the Pure Mathematics encountered in all the new specifications for single-subject A Level Mathematics. This major text is clearly set out with an excellent combination of clear examples and explanations, and plenty of practice material - ideal for supporting students who are working alone. The first two chapters are vital in preparing new students, particularly those with a Grade C at GCSE, for the rigours of A Level. Each chapter concludes with a selection of exam-style questions, giving students lots of practice for the real thing!Introductory Mathematics: Algebra and AnalysisGeoffrey C. SmithThis text provides a lively introduction to pure mathematics. It begins with sets, functions and relations, proof by induction and contradiction, complex numbers, vectors and matrices, and provides a brief introduction to group theory. It moves onto analysis, providing a gentle introduction to epsilon-delta technology and finishes with continuity and functions. The book features numerous exercises of varying difficulty throughout the text.First-Order LogicRaymond M. SmullyanThis completely self-contained study, widely considered the best book in the field, is intended to serve both as an introduction to quantification theory and as an exposition of new results and techniques in "analytic" or "cut-free" methods. Impressed by the simplicity and mathematical elegance of the tableau point of view, the author focuses on it here.After preliminary material on tress (necessary for the tableau method), Part I deals with propositional logic from the viewpoint of analytic tableaux, covering such topics as formulas or propositional logic, Boolean valuations and truth sets, the method of tableaux and compactness.Part II covers first-order logic, offering detailed treatment of such matters as first-order analytic tableaux, analytic consistency, quantification theory, magic sets, and analytic versus synthetic consistency properties.Part III continues coverage of first-order logic. Among the topics discussed are Gentzen systems, elimination theorems, prenex tableaux, symmetric completeness theorems, and system linear reasoning.Raymond M. Smullyan is a well-known logician and inventor of mathematical and logical puzzles. In this book he has written a stimulating and challenging exposition of first-order logic that will be welcomed by logicians, mathematicians, and anyone interested in the field.Godel's Incompleteness TheoremsRaymond M. SmullyanKurt Godel, the greatest logician of our time, startled the world of mathematics in 1931 with his Theorem of Undecidability, which showed that some statements in mathematics are inherently "undecidable." His work on the completeness of logic, the incompleteness of number theory, and the consistency of the axiom of choice and the continuum theory brought him further worldwide fame. In this introductory volume, Raymond Smullyan, himself a well-known logician, guides the reader through the fascinating world of Godel's incompleteness theorems. The level of presentation is suitable for anyone with a basic acquaintance with mathematical logic. As a clear, concise introduction to a difficult but essential subject, the book will appeal to mathematicians, philosophers, and computer scientists.Counterexamples in TopologyLynn Arthur Steen, J. Arthur Seebach Jr.Over 140 examples, preceded by a succinct exposition of general topology and basic terminology. Each example treated as a whole. Over 25 Venn diagrams and charts summarize properties of the examples, while discussions of general methods of construction and change give readers insight into constructing counterexamples. Includes problems and exercises, correlated with examples. Bibliography. 1978 edition.Algebraic Number Theory and Fermat's Last Theorem: Third EditionIan Stewart, David TallFirst published in 1979 and written by two distinguished mathematicians with a special gift for exposition, this book is now available in a completely revised third edition. It reflects the exciting developments in number theory during the past two decades that culminated in the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem. Intended as a upper level textbook, it is also eminently suited as a text for self-study.Set Theory and LogicRobert R. Stoll, MathematicsSet Theory and Logic is the result of a course of lectures for advanced undergraduates, developed at Oberlin College for the purpose of introducing students to the conceptual foundations of mathematics. Mathematics, specifically the real number system, is approached as a unity whose operations can be logically ordered through axioms. One of the most complex and essential of modern mathematical innovations, the theory of sets (crucial to quantum mechanics and other sciences), is introduced in a most careful concept manner, aiming for the maximum in clarity and stimulation for further study in set logic.Contents include: Sets and Relations — Cantor's concept of a set, etc.Natural Number Sequence — Zorn's Lemma, etc.Extension of Natural Numbers to Real NumbersLogic — the Statement and Predicate Calculus, etc.Informal Axiomatic MathematicsBoolean Algebra Informal Axiomatic Set Theory Several Algebraic Theories — Rings, Integral Domains, Fields, etc.First-Order Theories — Metamathematics, etc.Symbolic logic does not figure significantly until the final chapter. The main theme of the book is mathematics as a system seen through the elaboration of real numbers; set theory and logic are seen s efficient tools in constructing axioms necessary to the system.Mathematics students at the undergraduate level, and those who seek a rigorous but not unnecessarily technical introduction to mathematical concepts, will welcome the return to print of this most lucid work."Professor Stoll . . . has given us one of the best introductory texts we have seen." — Cosmos."In the reviewer's opinion, this is an excellent book, and in addition to its use as a textbook (it contains a wealth of exercises and examples) can be recommended to all who wish an introduction to mathematical logic less technical than standard treatises (to which it can also serve as preliminary reading)." — Mathematical Reviews.Axiomatic Set TheoryPatrick SuppesThis clear and well-developed approach to axiomatic set theory is geared toward upper-level undergraduates and graduate students. It examines the basic paradoxes and history of set theory and advanced topics such as relations and functions, equipollence, finite sets and cardinal numbers, rational and real numbers, and other subjects. 1960 edition.Introduction to Logic: and to the Methodology of Deductive SciencesAlfred TarskiThis classic undergraduate treatment examines the deductive method in its first part and explores applications of logic and methodology in constructing mathematical theories in its second part. A thought-provoking introduction to the fundamentals and the perfect adjunct to courses in logic and the foundations of mathematics. Exercises appear throughout.Undecidable Theories: Studies in Logic and the Foundation of MathematicsAlfred Tarski, Andrzej Mostowski, Raphael M. Robinson, MathematicsThis graduate-level book is well known for its proof that many mathematical systems—including lattice theory, abstract projective geometry, and closure algebras—are undecidable. Based on research conducted from 1938 to 1952, it consists of three treatises by a prolific author who ranks among the greatest logicians of all time. The first article,  "A General Method in Proofs of Undecidability," examines theories with standard formalization, undecidable theories, interpretability, and relativization of quantifiers. The second feature, "Undecidability and Essential Undecidability in Mathematics," explores definability in arbitrary theories and the formalized arithmetic of natural numbers. It also considers recursiveness, definability, and undecidability in subtheories of arithmetic as well as the extension of results to other arithmetical theories. The compilation concludes with “Undecidability of the Elementary Theory of Groups."Class Field TheoryEmil Artin and John TateThis classic book, originally published in 1968, is based on notes of a year-long seminar the authors ran at Princeton University. The primary goal of the book was to give a rather complete presentation of algebraic aspects of global class field theory, and the authors accomplished this goal spectacularly: for more than 40 years since its first publication, the book has served as an ultimate source for many generations of mathematicians. In this revised edition, two mathematical additions complementing the exposition in the original text are made. The new edition also contains several new footnotes, additional references, and historical comments.Function field arithmeticDinesh S. ThakurThis book provides an exposition of function field arithmetic with emphasis on recent developments concerning Drinfeld modules, the arithmetic of special values of transcendental functions (such as zeta and gamma functions and their interpolations), diophantine approximation and related interesting open problems. While it covers many topics treated in 'Basic Structures of Function Field Arithmetic' by David Goss, it complements that book with the inclusion of recent developments as well as the treatment of new topics such as diophantine approximation, hypergeometric functions, modular forms, transcendence, automata and solitons. There is also new work on multizeta values and log-algebraicity. The author has included numerous worked-out examples. Many open problems, which can serve as good thesis problems, are discussed.The Philosophy of Set Theory: An Historical Introduction to Cantor's ParadiseMary TilesA century ago, Georg Cantor demonstrated the possibility of a series of transfinite infinite numbers. His methods, unorthodox for the time, enabled him to derive theorems that established a mathematical reality for a hierarchy of infinities. Cantor's innovation was opposed, and ignored, by the establishment; years later, the value of his work was recognized and appreciated as a landmark in mathematical thought, forming the beginning of set theory and the foundation for most of contemporary mathematics.As Cantor's sometime collaborator, David Hilbert, remarked, "No one will drive us from the paradise that Cantor has created." This volume offers a guided tour of modern mathematics' Garden of Eden, beginning with perspectives on the finite universe and classes and Aristotelian logic. Author Mary Tiles further examines permutations, combinations, and infinite cardinalities; numbering the continuum; Cantor's transfinite paradise; axiomatic set theory; logical objects and logical types; and independence results and the universe of sets. She concludes with views of the constructs and reality of mathematical structure.Philosophers with only a basic grounding in mathematics, as well as mathematicians who have taken only an introductory course in philosophy, will find an abundance of intriguing topics in this text, which is appropriate for undergraduate-and graduate-level courses.Elements of Number TheoryI.M. VinogradovAlgebra: Volume IB.L. van der WaerdenThis beautiful and eloquent text transformed the graduate teaching of algebra in Europe and the United States. It clearly and succinctly formulated the conceptual and structural insights which Noether had expressed so forcefully and combined it with the elegance and understanding with which Artin had lectured. This text is a reprinted version of the original English translation of the first volume of B.L. van der Waerden’s Algebra.Algebra IIB.L.van der WaerdenDas vorliegende, nunmehr zum neunten Male herausgebrachte Werk von B. L. VAN DER W AERDEN nimmt unter den mathematischen Lehrbiichem eine auBergewohnliche Stellung ein. Selten nur hat in der Vergangenheit ein Lehrbuch eine iihnlich groBe Wirkung auf das mathematische Leben ausgeiibt wie dieses. Seit seinem ersten Erscheinen im Sommer 1930, also vor nunmehr 63 Jahren, haben Generationen von Mathematikem nach ihm die Algebra gelemt, zumindest im deutschsprachigen Bereich. Fiir zahllose Studenten bedeutete es Eintritt und Aufnahme in die hOhere Mathematik, fur viele war es die erste Stufe zu wissenschaftlicher Arbeit und mathematischer Forscherlaufbahn. Worin liegt das Geheimnis eines solch langlebigen Erfolges? Auf diese Frage hatte mancher Autor gem eine Antwort. Der eine versucht eine Verbesserung durch eine breitere Grundlegung, der andere durch verein­ fachteArgumentation, ein dritter durch groBere Vollstandigkeit, ein vierter durch Verwirklichung aller dieser Moglichkeiten - vergebens, einen "van der Waerden" hat es bis heute nicht wieder gegeben. Zieht man einmal andere beriihmte Lehrbiicher der Vergangenheit zur Betrachtung heran, wie etwa die EULERsche und die WEBERsche "Algebra", den HILBERTschen "Zahlbericht", den "Roten Mumford", die SERREsche "Cohomologie galoisienne" (welche letztere ein Lehrbuch gar nicht hat sein sollen, urn dann doch ein so groBartiges zu werden), so erkennt man, daB es nicht die systematische Vollstandigkeit und die fraglose Vollkommenheit ist, die den Erfolg hervorbringt.Modern AlgebraSeth Warner, MathematicsThis standard text, written for junior and senior undergraduates, is unusual in that its presentation is accessible enough for the beginner, yet its thoroughness and mathematical rigor provide the more advanced student with an exceptionally comprehensive treatment of every aspect of modern algebra. It especially lends itself to use by beginning graduate students unprepared in modern algebra.The presentation opens with a study of algebraic structures in general; the first part then carries the development from natural numbers through rings and fields, vector spaces, and polynomials. The second part (originally published as a separate volume) is made up of five chapters on the real and complex number fields, algebraic extensions of fields, linear operations, inner product spaces, and the axiom of choice.For the benefit of the beginner who can best absorb the principles of algebra by solving problems, the author has provided over 1300 carefully selected exercises. "There is a vast amount of material in these books and a great deal is either new or presented in a new form." — Mathematical Reviews. Preface. List of Symbols. Exercises. Index. 28 black-and-white line illustrations.Oeuvres Scientifiques / Collected Papers: Volume 1André WeilFrom the reviews"…All of Weil’s works except for books and lecture notes are compiled here, in strict chronological order for easy reference.But the value … goes beyond the convenience of easy reference and accessibility. In the first place, these volumes contain several essays, letters, and addresses which were either published in obscure places (…) or not published at all.Even more valuable are the lengthy commentaries on many of the articles, written by Weil himself. These remarks serve as a guide, helping the reader place the papers in their proper context. Moreover, we have the rare opportunity of seeing a great mathematician in his later life reflecting on the development of his ideas and those of his contemporaries at various stages of his career.The sheer number of mathematical papers of fundamental significance would earn Weil’s Collected Papers a place in the library of a mathematician with an interest in number theory, algebraic geometry, representations theory, or related areas. The additional import of the mathematical history and culture in these volumes makes them even more essential." Neal Koblitz in Mathematical Reviews"…André Weil’s mathematical work has deeply influenced the mathematics of the twentieth century and the monumental (...) "Collected papers" emphasize this influence." O. Fomenko in Zentralblatt der MathematikOeuvres Scientifiques / Collected Papers: Volume 2André WeilFrom the reviews:"…All of Weil’s works except for books and lecture notes are compiled here, in strict chronological order for easy reference.But the value … goes beyond the convenience of easy reference and accessibility. In the first place, these volumes contain several essays, letters, and addresses which were either published in obscure places (…) or not published at all.Even more valuable are the lengthy commentaries on many of the articles, written by Weil himself. These remarks serve as a guide, helping the reader place the papers in their proper context. Moreover, we have the rare opportunity of seeing a great mathematician in his later life reflecting on the development of his ideas and those of his contemporaries at various stages of his career.The sheer number of mathematical papers of fundamental significance would earn Weil’s Collected Papers a place in the library of a mathematician with an interest in number theory, algebraic geometry, representations theory, or related areas. The additional import of the mathematical history and culture in these volumes makes them even more essential." Neal Koblitz in Mathematical Reviews"…André Weil’s mathematical work has deeply influenced the mathematics of the twentieth century and the monumental (...) "Collected papers" emphasize this influence." O. Fomenko in Zentralblatt der MathematikOeuvres Scientifiques / Collected Papers: Volume 3André WeilFrom the reviews "All of Weil's works except for books and lecture notes are compiled here, in strict chronological order for easy reference. But the value goes beyond the convenience of easy reference and accessibility. In the first place, these volumes contain several essays, letters, and addresses which were either published in obscure places or not published at all. Even more valuable are the lengthy commentaries on many of the articles, written by Weil himself. These remarks serve as a guide, helping the reader place the papers in their proper context. Moreover, we have the rare opportunity of seeing a great mathematician in his later life reflecting on the development of his ideas and those of his contemporaries at various stages of his career. The sheer number of mathematical papers of fundamental significance would earn Weil's Collected Papers a place in the library of a mathematician with an interest in number theory, algebraic geometry, representations theory, or related areas. The additional import of the mathematical history and culture in these volumes makes them even more essential" Neal Koblitz in Mathematical Reviews "André Weil's mathematical work has deeply influenced the mathematics of the twentieth century and the monumental ( . . . ) "Collected papers" emphasize this influence" O. Fomenko in Zentralblatt der MathematikAlgebraic Number TheoryEdwin WeissCareful organization and clear, detailed proofs characterize this methodical, self-contained exposition of basic results of classical algebraic number theory from a relatively modem point of view. This volume presents most of the number-theoretic prerequisites for a study of either class field theory (as formulated by Artin and Tate) or the contemporary treatment of analytical questions (as found, for example, in Tate's thesis).Although concerned exclusively with algebraic number fields, this treatment features axiomatic formulations with a considerable range of applications. Modem abstract techniques constitute the primary focus. Topics include introductory materials on elementary valuation theory, extension of valuations, local and ordinary arithmetic fields, and global, quadratic, and cyclotomic fields.Subjects correspond to those usually covered in a one-semester, graduate level course in algebraic number theory, making this book ideal either for classroom use or as a stimulating series of exercises for mathematically minded individuals.The Concept of a Riemann SurfaceHermann WeylThis classic on the general history of functions was written by one of the twentieth century's best-known mathematicians. Hermann Weyl, who worked with Einstein at Princeton, combined function theory and geometry in this high-level landmark work, forming a new branch of mathematics and the basis of the modern approach to analysis, geometry, and topology.The author intended this book not only to develop the basic ideas of Riemann's theory of algebraic functions and their integrals but also to examine the related ideas and theorems with an unprecedented degree of rigor. Weyl's two-part treatment begins by defining the concept and topology of Riemann surfaces and concludes with an exploration of functions of Riemann surfaces. His teachings illustrate the role of Riemann surfaces as not only devices for visualizing the values of analytic functions but also as indispensable components of the theory.Advanced CalculusDavid V. WidderThis classic text by a distinguished mathematician and former Professor of Mathematics at Harvard University, leads students familiar with elementary calculus into confronting and solving more theoretical problems of advanced calculus. In his preface to the first edition, Professor Widder also recommends various ways the book may be used as a text in both applied mathematics and engineering.Believing that clarity of exposition depends largely on precision of statement, the author has taken pains to state exactly what is to be proved in every case. Each section consists of definitions, theorems, proofs, examples and exercises. An effort has been made to make the statement of each theorem so concise that the student can see at a glance the essential hypotheses and conclusions.For this second edition, the author has improved the treatment of Stieltjes integrals to make it more useful to the reader less than familiar with the basic facts about theRiemann integral. In addition the material on series has been augmented by the inclusion of the method of partial summation of the Schwarz-Holder inequalities, and of additional results about power series. Carefully selected exercises, graded in difficulty, are found in abundance throughout the book; answers to many of them are contained in a final section.Compact Riemann Surfaces and Algebraic CurvesKichoon Yang